Human Nature
Humans vs. Animals
Musculo- skeletal
Energy
Respiratory
Cardiovascular
Nervous & Senses
Endocrine
Homeostasis
100
True or Flase: Humans have a beginning but will exist forever.
True
100
True or False: Humans and Animals have bodies (Physical Forms)
True
100
True or False: Bones are living tissue.
True, they are made up of cells (not just minerals)
100
Which body structure is responsible for filtering the blood, producing urine?
Kidney (Kidney Nephrons)
100
What is it called when air is let into the lungs? What is called when air is let out?
In - inhaling
Out - exhaling
100
What structures in found in the veins and the heart prevent the blood from flowing backwards?
Valves
100
What does the nervous system use to communicate? Is it fast or slow communication?
Neurons, Fast
100
What does the nervous system use to communicate? Is it fast or slow communication?
Hormones, slow
200
What are the two eternal states for humans?
Suffering forever in hell (apart from God)
Endless Joy in the new heavens and new earth (with God)
200
True or False: Humans are Animals
False: They have a spirit
200
What is a growth plate?
Cartilage fissure in bones where they can grow longer during development
200
What is the unit of measurement for the amount of energy?
Calorie
200
Having too much _____ in your blood stream causes your brain to send the signal to breathe.
Carbon Dioxide
CO2
200
Name the 4 main structures of the cardiovascular system:
_____ take blood away from the heart
_____ Allows for Gas exchange (swapping carbon dioxide for oxygen OR oxygen for carbon dioxide)
_____ bring the blood back to the heart
_____ pumps the blood
Arteries - take blood away from the heart
Capillaries - Allows for Gas exchange (swapping carbon dioxide for oxygen OR oxygen for carbon dioxide)
Veins - bring the blood back to the heart
Heart - pumps the blood
200
What structures make up the central nervous system?
Brain, spinal cord
200
A hormone is a ___________ _________ that is screted by glands into the _____________.
A hormone is a chemical messenger that is secreted by glands into the bloodstream.
200
How does the excretory system help the body maintain homeostasis?
Removes wastes from the body
300
Why is human "righteousness" insufficient for Salvation?
Because our good works are tainted by a sinful heart and cannot satisfy God’s holiness
300
True or False: All living things are made in the image of God.
False: only humans are made in the image of God
300
What is the difference between tendons and ligaments?
Tendons - connect muscle to bone
Ligaments - connect bone to bone
300
What are the three molecules our bodies can use for energy?
Lipids (fats), Proteins, Carbohydrates
300
What is the main muscle responsible for expanding the lung cavity allowing fo breathing?
Diaphram
300
Name the 4 parts of blood:
______ Carries Oxygen
______ Defends against invaders
______ Forms clots and scabs
______ Makes up most of the blood containing nutrients, hormones and water
Red blood cells - Carries Oxygen
White blood cells - Defends against invaders
Platelets - Forms clots and scabs
Plasma - Makes up most of the blood containing nutrients, hormones and water
300
What are the specialized structures called that detect changes in the environment, such as light, sound, temperature, taste, and touch, and send signals to the nervous system?
Receptors
(Sensory Neurons)
300
What part of the body connects the nervous system and the endocrine system?
Hypothalamus
400
What is the only way to have true righteousness before God?
For Jesus to pay for our sins and to give us his righteousness.
400
Muscles always work as pairs. Why is that?
Muscles can only contract. Joints need to move in more than one direction to be useful!
400
What is the difference between the role of the small intestine and the large intestine (Colon)?
Small - nutrient absorption
Large - water absorption
400
Why does blood get sent to the lungs?
So carbon dioxide can leave the blood stream and oxygen can entr.
400
What are the names of the lettered portions of the heart?
A - Vena Cava
B - Aorta
C - Right Atrium
D - Pulmonary Artery
E - Left Atrium
F - Right Ventricle
G - Left Ventricle
400
Name one part of the brain and what it is responsible for.
- Cerebrum - the largest part of the brain, responsible for the brain’s conscious activities
- Brain Stem - regulates all the involuntary, life essential activities of the body (heartbeat, breathing, ect.)
- Cerebellum - coordinates motor functions including balance and posture
(There may be others as well)
400
Name one gland of the endocrine system and the hormone it produces (or what that hormone does)
Testes - testosterone - male features
Ovaries - estrogen - female features
pancreas - Insulin/glucagon - blood sugar regulation
Adrenals - epinephrine/cortisol - stress response
Pituitary - growth hormone - growth
Thyroid - T3, T4 - metabolism
Stomach - Ghrelin - hunger
Pineal gland - melatonin - sleep-wake cycle
400
What is one way that muscles can help the body maintain homeostasis
Movement provides energy consumption for heat generation which helps regulate body temperature
500
What determines someone's eternal destiny?
Faith in Jesus Christ as Savior and Lord
500
According to the creation mandate, what is the relationship between humans and animals? What does that mean?
Humans rule over animals
(We care for them, provide for them, command them)
500
Label each muscle as voluntary (V) or involuntary (IV) AND striated (S) or not striated (NS):
- Skeletal Muscle
- Cardiac Muscle
- Smooth Muscle
Skeletal Muscle: V, S
Cardiac Muscle: IV, S
Smooth Muscle: IV, NS
500
What is the difference between chemical and mechanical digestion?
Mechanical - caused by chewing and stomach churning, breaks down large pieces into smaller pieces
Chemical - caused by enzymes and stomach acid breaks down small chunks into individual molecules
500
Where are the capillaries that allow for the gas exchange located in the lungs
Alveoli
500
1. What is the path of blood going from the body to the lungs through the heart?
2. What is the path of blood going from the lungs to the body through the heart?
Body -> A -> C -> F -> D -> Lungs
Lungs -> E -> G -> B -> Body
500
What is a reflex? How does the nervous system process reflexes?
A reflex is a fast, automatic response to a stimulus that is processed by the nervous system through a reflex arc involving sensory neurons, the spinal cord, and motor neurons. (The signal doesn't get processed up at the brain!)
500
What are 2 ways the cardiovasular system helps the body maintain homeostasis?
Transporting fuel to the cells (Food, Oxygen)
Transporting waste away from the cells (Carbon Dioxide and other molecules)
Fighting invaders (w/ white blood cells)
Transporting signals to the body (Hormone signals)