Hybridization and Denaturation
The binding of two single stranded molecules of nucleic acids due to the complementarity of their sequence of nitrogenous bases, which creates a double-stranded hybrid molecule
A nucleotide chain with a sequence of bases that are complementary to the target sequence
A blot that can show the analysis of gene expression, section of mutations, and alternative slicing through RNA
What is a northern blot?
Sets or collections of different DNA fragments (probes) fixed to a solid surface
What is a microarray?
The acronym FISH stands for...
What is fluorescence in situ hybridization?
When both strands of a double stranded molecule separate because the hydrogen bonds are broken
What is denaturation or DNA?
A specific DNA or RNA sequence to be detected in sample
A blot that shows specific proteins through fluorescence or enzymatic activity
What is a western blot?
A microarray method for detecting loss or gain of genetic material by comparing sample DNA with reference
What is array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH)?
In FISH, probes marked with ________ are detected under fluorescence microscope
What are colored fluorescence tags?
The process by which two molecules separated by denaturation are reassociated as the temperature is lowered until the original double helix is reformed
What is renaturation?
DNA created by cloning and amplification
What is recombinant DNA?
a simple blotting technique that allows for the detection of DNA or RNA sequences using radioactive or hapten-labeled probes
What is a dot blot?
Studies that use microarrays to know which genes are expressed or suppressed and with what relative intensity at a given time and under specific conditions
What are gene expression studies?
In CISH, a hybrid is detected by...
What is a chemical reaction that gives a visible colored product?
The two main causes of DNA denaturation
What are changes in pH and temperature?
The probability of detecting small quantities of the probe-target hybrid
What is sensitivity?
Dot blots, northern blots, and southern blots are all techniques done in a ___ medium
What is a solid medium?
In comparative gene expression studies, you can compare the same cell population at different ____ or ______ to see the effects of drugs, infectious agents, etc.
What are different times and under different conditions?
Detection of oncovirus gene sequences, mRNA synthesizing immunoglobulin light chains, and mRNA reporting overexpression of oncogenes are uses for...
What is Chromogenic In Situ Hybridization (CISH)?
The temperature on the melting curve at which 50% of the DNA molecules are denatured
What is the melting temperature (Tm)?
A probe's capacity to chose a target sequence to hybridize with
What is specificity?
What is a southern blot?
Array comparative genomic hybridization does not detect ___________ as target sequences. They appear in the correct proportion, even if they are in other areas of the chromosome
What are structural chromosomal alterations (translocations or inversions)?
With ISH, if the tissue is ______ enough, and entire tissue, cell, or circulating tumor could be located
What is the small?