Hydrosphere
What is the definition of a hydrosphere?
The combined mass of water found on, under, and over the surface of the Earth
How does density change when water becomes ice?
Density decreases, volume increases so ice floats on water
What state is water mainly found in?
Liquid state
How many staged does the water cycle have?
Three phases:
1. Water becomes part of the atmosphere
2. Water returns to the surface of the Earth
3. Water circulates throughout the surface of the Earth
Why is water important?
Water is essential for life. It creates the living conditions in our planet.
Is the hydrosphere exclusive to the Earth? True or False
False
The Hydrosphere is not exclusive to the Earth
What is water’s boiling point?
100 degrees Celsius
What type of water covers 75% of the Earth’s surface?
Salt water
What is it called when animals and plants transpire and release water vapour into the atmospher?
Transpiration
True or False: Human activity does not pollute water
False: Human activity pollutes water
How much (what percentage) of the Earth’s surface is covered by water
75% of the Earth’s surface is covered by oceans
True or false: We do not need a lot of energy to heat up water and it colds easily.
False: We need a lot of energy to heat up water and it does not cold easily.
True or False: Water as a vapour is not rare on Earth
False: Water as a vapour is VERY RARE on Earth
What three ways of precipitation does water fall to the surface as?
Rain, hail, and snow
Name four ways that we use water?
Drinking, eating, hygiene, washing, eliminating waste, agriculture, industry, energy, recreation, tourism, swimming pools, etc.
What does 1.4 x 10^18 TM (Tonnes) represent?
The total mass of the water in the Earth
Which water property allows us to maintain our constant internal temperature?
Hydrogen bonds
What percentage of freshwater found on Earth is ice?
79% of freshwater found on Earth is ice. Most of it is found at the poles and in smaller degrees in glaciers
True or False: Water could return the surface as springs after the process of infiltration
True: rain water could filter into the ground forming groundwater that accumulates in aquiferous rocks and could return to the surface as springs
What are some types of pollution?
(If you can, be specific of the type of waste)
Sewage, industry, farming, plastics, paper, wheels, batteries, oil waste, radioactive waste
What are the names of the two moons (one orbiting Jupiter and one orbiting Saturn) that have a thick hydrosphere?
Europa (orbiting Jupiter) and Enceladus (orbiting Saturn)
What can water dissolve, and what can it not dissolve?
Water cannot dissolve grease and oil. Water can dissolve solids, liquids, and gasses
Where is 1% of the water on Earth found?
1% of the water on Earth is found as groundwater, rivers, and lakes
How are clouds formed?
(Phase 2 of the water cycle: water returns to the surface of the Earth)
Through condensation, when vapour in the air rises, it cools down and condenses forming clouds
What do dams do?
They act as a barrier for animals and interrupt the water flow