meh
Allergic dermatitis can involve two different types of hypersensitivities. What are these two types? Describe how one type can progress to the next?
Type 1 and Type 4 hypersensitivity. The last phase of the immediate hypersensitivity mast cell degranulation releases cytokines and recruit leukocytes to the site of inflammation and Type 4 hypersensitivity begins with activation of sensitized T lymphocytes to a specific antigen and is mediated by macrophages and T lymphocytes.
What type of hypersensitivity is type 4?
Cell mediated
What is the main effector cell in type IV hypersensitivity?
T lymphocytes
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia is an example of a disease involving which type of hypersensitivity?
Type II antibody mediated
False
Death can happen with asphyxiation secondary to edema of the upper airway, circulatory failure as a result of dilation of the splanchnic vascular bed, or hypoxemia as a result of severe bronchospasms
Type 1 is an immediate or chronic type hypersensitivity and can this hypersensitivity occur chronically or no?
Immediate
yes it can occur chronically
What type of hypersensitivity is type II?
antibody mediated
Can environmental antigens cause type IV hypersensitivity?
yes!
Where do immune complexes formed by type III hypersensitivity typically deposit?
blood vessels
What is the major shock organ in the dog?
Liver
What is the name of the most important protein in the eosinophils granules?
Major Basic Protein
What type of hypersensitivity is type III?
Immune complex mediated
The typical reaction mediated by T cell cytokines is immediate or delayed type hypersensitivity?
delayed
What is the most typical antibody class in type II hypersensitivity?
IgG
What is the major shock organ in cats?
lungs
responses associated with release of preformed vasoactive amines from the mast cell is what phase of type 1 hypersensitivity
effector
True or False: Type 1 hypersensitivity can occur the first time an antigen is encountered with out prolonged exposure
False
reduce inflammation and to inhibit T cell responses, potent anti-inflammatory steroids, antagonists of inflammatory cytokines have proved to be very effective like monoclonal antibodies and Jaknibs
Glucocorticoids
Therapy for antibody-mediated diseases is intended mainly to limit inflammation and its injurious consequences with drugs such as corticosteroids
True or False: Clinical signs vary little from species to species based on the uniformity in the distribution of the mast cells
False clinical signs differ from species to species because of the different distribution of the mast cells
In type 1 hypersensitivity initial the exposure to an antigen is when the host develops an antigen-specific IgE response. This process is characteristic of which phase?
Sensitization
Which of the four types of hypersensitivity involve the complement system?
Type II and III
What are the two mechanisms of T cell mediated tissue injury in type IV hypersensitivity?
Cytokine-mediated inflammation by T helpers cells
T cell-mediated killing of host cells by T cytotoxic cells
Vasculitis is a cutaneous manifestation of a disease that is related to what type of hypersensitivity?
Type III Antigen- Antibody Complexes may cause disease by forming immune complexes that deposit in blood vessels hence vasculitis
most sensitive animal to the development of anaphylaxis
guinea pig