Key Terms
Sudden drop in systolic blood pressure when changing from a lying or sitting position to a standing position
Orthostatic Hypotension
What drug classification is Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), furosemide (Lasix)
Diuretics
What drug classification reduces blood pressure by blocking beta effects of catecholamines?
Beta adrenergic receptor blockers
The cause of primary (essential) hypertension is:
Unknown
The nurse is speaking about the DASH diet with a group of patients who have hypertension. Which food groups are emphasized in the DASH diet? Select all that apply.
1.Vegetables 2. Fruits 3.Nuts and seeds 4. Whole milk 5. Meats
Veggies, fruits, nuts and seeds
What is the term for nosebleed
Epistaxis
What drug classification is Captopril (Capoten), and enalapril (Vasotec)
ACE inhibitor
Reduces blood volume through the promotion of renal excretion of sodium and water
Diuretics
Hypertension is usually a higher risk for men age ___and women at age ___?
55 and 65
An older patient taking furosemide (Lasix) for hypertension complains of muscle weakness, confusion, and irritability. Which patient teaching is correct for this patient?
1. Decrease sodium in the diet. 2. Increase potassium in the diet. 3. Increase fluid intake. 4. Decrease vitamin K intake.
2. An older patient taking furosemide (Lasix) for hypertension who complains of muscle weakness, confusion, and irritability should be taught by the nurse to increase potassium in the diet
Persistent elevation of arterial blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg or greater
Hypertension
What drug classification would Verapamil (Calan) and diltiazem (Cardizem) be in?
Calcium Channel blockers
Block the movement of calcium into cardiac and vascular smooth muscle cells, reducing heart rate, decreasing the force of cardiac contraction, and dilating peripheral blood vessels
Calcium channel blocker
The diameter of blood vessels is regulated primarily by:
vasomotor center
Which is the only sign of hypoglycemia that may be present in a patient taking beta blockers?
diaphoresis
Fainting
Syncope
What drug classification is Losartan potassium (Cozaar), valsartan (Diovan)
Angiotensin II receptor Antagonist
Relax vascular smooth muscle, causing vasodilation
Direct vasodilators
In which risk group is a hypertensive patient who smokes half a pack of cigarettes a day and who has no heart disease or heart damage classified?
Risk group B have one or more risk factors, not including diabetes; no target organ damage; and no clinical cardiovascular disease.
The nurse is assisting with discharge teaching of a patient with hypertension who is leaving the hospital. The health care provider has prescribed lisinopril for the patient to take at home. The nurse explains that the patient must take this medication as prescribed because if antihypertensive drugs are stopped abruptly, what may occur?
Rebound hypertension
What is the term for enlargement
Hypertrophy
What is the drug classification for Prazosin (Minipress) Doxazosin (Cardura)
Alpha-adrenergic receptor blockers
Prevent the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, decreasing peripheral resistance
ACE Inhibitor
Beta blockers are contraindicated in patients with:
Asthma
Which are symptoms of hypertensive crisis? Select all that apply.
1. Nausea 2. Restlessness 3. Drowsiness 4. Blurred vision 5. Bradycardia
1,2,4 Hypertensive crisis is a life-threatening medical emergency. The patient has severe headache, blurred vision, nausea, restlessness, and confusion. A