ACE Inhibitors
All ACE inhibitors end in which suffix
-pril
ARBs end in which suffix?
-sartan
What do calcium channel blockers prevent from entering cells?
Calcium ions
All beta blockers end in which suffix?
-lol
Which blood pressure change after administering an antihypertensive requires the nurse to intervene?
A drop in systolic blood pressure greater than 20mmHg upon standing
Which lab value must be monitored closely when a patient is taking ACE inhibitors?
Serum potassium (risk for hyperkalemia)
How do ARBs lower blood pressure?
Cause vasodilation and decrease aldosterone secretion
Primary effect of CCBs on blood vessels?
Vasodilation
Primary cardiovascular effect of beta blockers?
Decreased heart rate and contractility
Which antihypertensive has the highest risk for orthostatic hypotension in older adults?
ACE inhibitors
Which adverse effect is most common with ACE inhibitors?
Dry, persistent cough
Which adverse effect occurs less often with ARBs than ACE inhibitors?
Dry cough
Which type of CCB mainly affects peripheral blood vessels?
Dihydropyridines (i.e. Amlodipine)
Which beta blocker is cardioselective?
Metoprolol
Which medication class masks hypoglycemia symptoms?
Beta blockers
Which life-threatening adverse effect requires immediate intervention?
Angioedema
Which serious complication can still occur with ARBs?
Angioedema
Which CCBs affect both cardiac and vascular muscle?
Non-dihydropyridines (i.e. verapamil, diltiazem)
Why are nonselective beta blockers avoided in asthma?
Risk of bronchoconstriction
Which antihypertensive interacts with grapefruit juice?
CCBs and ARBs
Why are ACE inhibitors contraindicated in pregnancy?
Risk of fetal injury or death
Why can ARBs cause acute kidney injury?
Decreased glomerular filtration pressure
Why can CCBs worsen heart failure?
They reduce myocardial contractility
Why must beta blockers be tapered off slowly?
Risk of rebound hypertension or angina
Best nursing action to reduce fall risk with antihypertensives?
Teach slow position change