Cardiac Assess 1
60-100bpm
What is considered a normal Blood Pressure?
SBP < 120
DBP < 80
A BP of 118/75 is classified as what?
Normal
Define White Coat Hypertension.
When a patient has high blood pressure in the office, but documented normal blood pressure readings at home.
How much sodium intake should someone with Hypertension aim to maintain?
Best would be 1500mg, but 2000mg is typically recommended
S1 and S2 are sounds of the heart. These sounds are produced by what?
Closing of the valves
True or false: The heart rhythm should be regular
True
A BP of 128/79 is classified as what?
Elevated
How is Hypertension diagnosed?
Two properly measured, high blood pressure readings, on two or more physician office visits.
Which organ is most commonly affected by long term untreated Hypertension?
The heart
2nd intercostal space, R sternal border
Where do you auscultate the pulmonic valve?
2nd intercostal space, L sternal border
A BP of 150/91 is classified as what?
Stage 2 Hypertension
How is hypertension typically treated?
Lifestyle changes and medication regimen
What are 3 major complications of untreated Hypertension?
Kidney failure, Stroke, Heart failure, Hypertensive Crisis, Heart attack, Retinal damage/blindness
Where is the apical pulse located?
5th intercostal space, midclavicular line
Where do you auscultate the tricuspid valve?
4th intercostal space, L sternal border
A BP of 220/140 with symptoms of dizziness and headache is classified as what?
Hypertensive Emergency
List 3 lifestyle changes that can be implemented to help with Hypertension management.
Weight management, Diet alteration, Increased physical activity, Decrease alcohol intake
List 3 teaching points to consider including as nursing interventions.
Adherence to medication regimen, adherence to lifestyle changes, How to take a blood pressure, how to monitor and track blood pressure at home, signs and symptoms of TOD (complications), overall stress management/reduction techniques
This is the term for a swooshing/wooshing sound made by turbulent blood flow through a narrowed vessel or valve.
Heart murmur
Where do you auscultate the mitral valve?
5th intercostal space, midclavicular line
A BP of 135/86 is classified as what?
Describe symptoms of hypertension.
Typically there are no symptoms until Target Organ Damage is present. Then the symptoms would manifest according to the organs that are damaged.
What is the treatment goal of Hypertension management?
To decrease blood pressure readings & minimize or prevent end-organ damage