What Shaped the Atlantic Colonies?
This fast-sailing ship fueled the growth of the shipbuilding, lumber, and iron industries in the Atlantic colonies.
What is the Marco Polo?
This term means to force a person or group to adopt the culture, language, and customs of another dominant group, often by suppressing their original traditions.
What is assimilation?
Canada West was the final, safe destination for thousands of enslaved people escaping America via this secret network.
What is the Underground Railroad?
Until its eventual sale, this British fur-trading company controlled the massive territory known as Rupert's Land.
What is the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC)?
After escaping slavery, this figure established a successful cab company in Toronto, representing the thriving Black community in Canada West.
Who is Thornton Blackburn?
The French majority in Canada East used their strong sense of language, religion, and culture to act as a defender (or bulwark) against assimilation.
What is the Catholic Church?
Rapid expansion of farming and settlement in Canada West resulted in displacement for First Nations peoples, including those living along this major waterway.
What is the Credit River (or Mississauga of the Credit River)?
This multicultural settlement, home to First Nations, Métis, and European settlers, was the main population centre in Rupert's Land.
What is the Red River Colony?
This 1854 agreement with the U.S. allowed for free trade of natural resources, dramatically boosting the Atlantic economy.
What is the Reciprocity Treaty?
Founded in Quebec City in 1852, this institution was key to preserving and promoting French language and education, further cementing French-Canadian identity.
What is Laval University?
This organization of militant Irish Protestants often clashed with the growing Irish Catholic population in the streets of Canada West's urban centers.
What is the Orange Order?
The Fraser River Gold Rush led Britain to create this colony to secure its claim against the U.S. and establish order.
What is the Colony of British Columbia?
The American Civil War initially increased demand for B.N.A. goods, but its conclusion led to the U.S. imposing these heavy fees on our products.
What are tariffs (or taxes)?
This strong desire to protect their unique heritage, language, and traditions was fueled by attempts to force the French majority to adopt English culture.
What is French-Canadian nationalism?
Her nickname was "Moses" for leading dozens of enslaved people to freedom in Canada West, often risking her own life to do so.
Who is Harriet Tubman?
In addition to negotiating with First Nations for land, this governor also notably welcomed Black American immigrants fleeing racial prejudice in California.
Who is Governor James Douglas?
This New Brunswick businessman and politician demonstrated the need to adapt by pivoting his career from the booming shipbuilding industry to mining when the market shifted.
Who is Joseph Salter?
This legendary figure was celebrated in French-Canadian culture for representing the strength and spirit of the common person against injustice and English influence in the lumber camps.
Who is Joseph Montferrand?
The introduction of these transportation networks fundamentally transformed Canada West's economy by quickly exporting commercial farm products and connecting distant markets.
What are railways (or railroads)?
This unique, new culture formed in the Northwest as a result of the beneficial amalgamation of First Nations and European (French and Scottish) traditions.
Who are the Métis?