Degree of Damage!
This type of burn involves only the epidermis, presents with erythema and pain
What is First Degree - Superficial
What kind of IV solution in Lactated Ringer's?
What is Crystalloid
If a patient is admitted with facial burns, singed nasal hairs, and a hoarse voice, this is the nurse's immediate, number-one priority action
What is airway! 100% Oxygen, Prepare to intubate
A burn patient is at high risk for this specific type of acute gastric ulcer caused by severe physiological stress and reduced GI blood flow
What is a Curling's Ulcer?
This is the route of choice for all pain medications administered during the emergent phase of a major burn
What is IV!
According to the Rule of Nines, this is the Total Body Surface Area (TBSA) percentage for an adult who has burns on their entire right leg and their entire anterior chest/abdomen
What is 36%?
This math formula is used to calculate the total volume of fluid resuscitation needed in the first 24 hours for a burn patient
What is Consensus Formula:
2-4 ml X weight kg X TBSA burned
During the first 24 hours, the massive shift of fluids out of the vascular space into the tissues causes this life-threatening type of shock
What is Hypovolemic Shock or Burn Shock
This surgical procedure involves making an incision through circumferential, leathery burn tissue to relieve pressure and restore distal pulses
What is an Escharotomy?
This common immunization must always be administered to a burn patient if their last dose was more than 5 to 10 years ago
What is Tetanus Taxoid?
This burn depth hits the dermis, is characterized by bright red, shiny fluid-filled blisters, and causes severe pain due to exposed nerve endings
What is a Second-Degree (Partial-Thickness) burn
This is the single most accurate non-invasive nursing assessment metric used to determine if fluid resuscitation is working
What is Urine Output!
0.5-1.5 ml/kg/hr
30-50 ml/hr
Expect this specific electrolyte imbalance during the emergent phase because damaged cells burst open and dump their contents into the bloodstream
What is hyperkalemia
Remember: High K Low Na
To prevent contractures in a patient with severe neck and chest burns, the nurse should completely avoid using this common piece of hospital bedding
What is a pillow? (Keep the neck extended).
When assessing a circumferential arm burn, the nurse notes a weak radial pulse, severe pain despite analgesics, and paresthesia. These are early signs of this medical emergency
What is Compartment Syndrome?
A patient arrives with a severe chemical splash to the eyes. Before assessing visual acuity or checking pupillary response, the nurse must immediately begin this local intervention
What is Continuous, copious irrigation
This is the timeframe in which the first half of the calculated Parkland formula volume must be completely infused
What is the first 8 hours from the time of injury? (Not the time of hospital arrival!)
You suspect a patient has carbon monoxide poisoning. You should immediately ignore standard pulse oximetry readings and administer this intervention
What is 100% Non-rebreather mask
Because the skin's protective barrier is gone, this type of isolation precaution is often used for severe burn patients to protect them from us
What is Protective / Reverse Isolation?
This topical antimicrobial agent is commonly used on burn wounds but must be monitored closely because it can cause transient leukopenia
What is Silver Sulfadiazine (Silvadene)
Because a child’s body proportions are different, this anatomical area accounts for 18% of a pediatric patient's TBSA, whereas it only accounts for 9% in an adult
What is the HEAD!
A 198 lb patient sustains severe flame burns across their entire anterior torso, the entire front of both arms, and the perineum. The injury occurred at 11:00 AM. Due to transport delays, the patient does not arrive at your Emergency Department until 2:00 PM, having received absolutely zero fluids en route
(Using 4 ml only)
What is 1,215 mL/hr?
Due to increased capillary permeability, this major plasma protein leaks out of the intravascular space, leading to a massive drop in oncotic pressure and severe generalized edema
What is Albumin
During the acute phase, the patient enters a massive hypermetabolic state. The nurse should advocate for a diet high in these two specific nutritional components
What are Calories and Protein
As the patient transitions from the Emergent to the Acute phase, capillaries heal and fluid shifts back into the vessels. The nurse should expect this lab value to drop due to dilution
What is HCT