Scientific Inquiry
What is the definition of a hypothesis?
An educated guess about the relationship between two variables, or the outcome of an experiment.
What is the difference between "abiotic" and "biotic"?
Abiotic = nonliving
Biotic = living
What is the most basic structure of life?
The cell.
Give an example of an organism that performs photosynthesis.
Examples: plants, trees, grass, algae, etc.
What organ system is the stomach a part of?
The digestive system.
What is the difference between an independent variable and a dependent variable?
The independent variable is a variable that is changed (cause); the dependent variable is the outcome (effect).
The sun.
What is the molecule created in the mitochondria that is used for energy?
ATP.
What are the products of cellular respiration?
CO2, H2O, and ATP.
Which body system provides structure, protection of organs, and movement to the body?
The skeletal system.
What is a "constant variable"?
A constant variable is a variable that remains the same in all experimental groups.
What is "carrying capacity"?
"Carrying capacity" is the population size of a species that an environment can sustain.
What is a difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Prokaryotes: single-celled organisms without a nucleus.
Eukaryotes: organisms that can be multicellular with a nucleus.
Which organelle performs photosynthesis?
Chloroplasts.
What is the name of the balance of all human body functions that body systems try to maintain?
Homeostasis.
Why is it important to have a control group in most experiments?
Can you give three examples of populations that live in NYC?
Some examples: humans, rats, pigeons, cats, dogs, etc.
What are two organelles that plant cells have but animal cells do not have?
Cell wall and chloroplasts.
Cellular respiration.
The reproductive system.
What are two ways to improve experiment validity?
1. Repeat the experiment multiple times
2. Conduct the experiment with a larger sample size.
What is the definition of ecological succession?
Ecological succession is how the structure of a biological community evolves over time.
What is the name of the passive movement of molecules from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration?
Diffusion.
What is the chemical equation of photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H2O --> C6H12O6 + 6O2
What does the endocrine system do?
The endocrine system releases hormones into the bloodstream to regulate specific organs.