Paraphrasing, Quoting, & Summarizing
What are we trying to avoid when we paraphrase, summarize, or directly quote evidence in an essay?
What is the purpose of using evidence in an essay?
To support a claim and convince the reader to agree with you!
When someone says "You must find evidence from a relevant source", what does that mean? What do they mean by "relevant"?
They mean that you must find evidence from a source that is related to the topic you are discussing.
The author's opinion on a topic; their claim
Why is it important to understand a claim before searching for evidence?
You need to understand the claim in order to know what you're trying to prove with the evidence you choose.
What is the definition of paraphrasing?
To rewrite or state something in your own words; NOT word for word from the source
Can we use evidence from multiple sources to support the same claim?
YES! Of course! Use all you've got!
If I want to find more information to use in an argumentative essay about IMPACT, who would I speak to on campus?
Mr. Monaco, Mr. Spears, IMPACT Students...they are all relevant to IMPACT!
Which point of view would I (Ms.Salazar) most likely have on the topic of animal shelters?
A) Animal shelters are a terrible place for animals and should not be funded by the county any longer.
B) Animal shelters are crucial to taking animals off the street and are a vital part of our community.
B) ...Ms. Salazar loves animals and has volunteered at a local shelter
Do all claims need to be supported with evidence?
YES!
How do we give credit to the original source (author) when paraphrasing, quoting, or summarizing something as evidence?
(Author's last name, par. OR pg. #)
Example: (Salazar, par. 3)
When writing an essay, how do you know what evidence you're looking for?
THE CLAIM! The evidence you look for needs to support the claim.
If I want to find more information about cat adoptions in Kern County, which article would most likely provide me the information i'm looking for?
A) "Dog Euthanizations"
B) "Fresno County Adoption and Fostering Services"
C) "Kern County: #1 for Cat Adoptions in CA"
D) "Kern County...it's Time to Save the Owls!"
C: "Kern County: #1 for Cat Adoptions in CA".
Which text would Ms. Padilla most likely use to make an argument about ELA classes here at Actis?
A) "Math: The Only Subject that Matters"
B) "ELA? Why are We Wasting our Time?
C) "7th grade: A Crucial Point in the Role of ELA"
D) "Science Prepares Students for Reality"
C) "7th grade: A Crucial Point in the Role of ELA"
Answers will vary; understand each text's claim, look at the evidence each author uses, compare the arguments, etc.
Nene used a sentence from a news article as evidence in her essay. Using the information below, how would Nene write her evidence sentence?
From Frank Catania's article "Jersey Does it Better", paragraph 5: Although they are both great, views are much higher for RHONJ than RHOA.
According to the text, "Although they are both great, views are much higher for RHONJ that RHOA." (Catania, par. 5).
Write a possible title for a source that may be used to make the argument that the LA Rams are LA's best official sports team.
Answers will vary, but it must be relevant to the claim.
Which of the following would NOT be a relevant source to find evidence for an essay about waitresses surviving the closure of restaurants during the pandemic?
A)"Making it Work: The Truth about Servers"
B) "Chipotle's Automated Ordering System"
C) "Surving Restaurant Closures in 2020"
D) "The Importance of Tipping at Curb-side Pickup"
B: "Chipotle's Automated Ordering System"
Create a claim that most-accurately reflects a 7th grade student's point of view on homework.
Answers will vary
Which piece of evidence best supports the claim that MTV is one of the most popular television networks in America?
1) "The Today Show is NBC's highest-rated show"
2) "Nick-at-night plays shows with adult humor beginning at 10pm."
3)"MTV's show Teen Mom has lost ratings over the years"
4) "MTV has 45 million views per day, which beats even the most popular networks, including ESPN."
4) This response mentions MTV just like the claim, and proves that it is popular.
What is the difference between paraphrasing and summarizing?
What happens if you select a piece of evidence that does not support your claim?
Your argument will go nowhere! You won't even be able to correctly write your essay because the evidence doesn't match what you're arguing.
Give two reasons why it is important to find relevant sources before gathering evidence to use in an essay?
Answers will vary
Answers will vary.
Which piece of evidence best supports the claim that homework is not always beneficial to students?
1) "Thousands of students do not have access to wifi at home."
2) "Although homework is given, there is no guarantee that students will complete it."
3) "Cheating is common in all classes."
4) "Homework has shown to improve students' reading and life skills."
2) This statement mentions homework, while proving that it's not beneficial because students don't necessarily do the work assigned to them. You can't benefit from something you don't do!
Summarize the following passage.
"The Circle" is a show on Netflix that has been entertaining viewers for 5 seasons. For the competition show, people create a social media profile and try to be one of the top-rated profiles each week, communicating with each other only through digital platforms. The show is interesting because participants do not have to play the game as themselves. For example, on season 5, one man played the game as his daughter. The point of the game is to show how social media can mislead people or promote "fake" friendships.
"The Circle" is a social media competition show that has been on Netflix for 5 seasons.
Let's say you want to write an essay arguing how Mexican food is the most popular food consumed here in Bakersfield. Create the title for 3 possible sources that could be used to accurately support your argument.
Answers will vary, but must be related to Mexican food being popular in Bakersfield
Is a friend a reliable source to use for evidence in an essay? Explain your answer.
NO...a friend is not credible. How do we know we can trust them?
What is the relationship between point-of-view and claim?
An author's point of view is what helps them create the claims in their essay.
Write a claim that could be supported by the pieces of evidence below:
- "Millions of Americans eat at a restaurant for dinner every single day."
- "McDonalds and Chick-Fil-A's busiest hours are 5pm-8pm"
- "The amount of people who buy groceries weekly has decreased drastically...people are no longer buying groceries like they once did"
Answers will vary; something about Americans eating at restaurants instead of cooking at home