Fill in the blank:
A(n) _________ response can be observed/experienced immediately, whereas a(n) ______ response tends to take longer to manifest.
What is acute and chronic (in that order)
100
Risk = ______ x ______
What is Hazard x Exposure
100
____ is the most commonly used drug in the world. One of its interesting properties is that it sublimes when heated.
What is caffeine
100
Strong corrosive bases are usually found in toilet cleaners to remove soap scum. A safer alternative to remove soap scum is _____.
What is lactic acid
100
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) was used to acidify the cleaning solution. Adding HCl resulted in _______ the pH of the solution
What is decreasing or lowering
200
The term used to describe unwanted and/or harmful effects
What is adverse?
200
The usual DOSAGE UNIT that incorporates the amount of material administered or absorbed in accordance with the size of the individual over a period of time is
What is mg/kg/day
200
Which neurotransmitter is affected by THC?
What is anandamide
200
Fill in the blank below:
The US FDA does _____, but does not _____ the cosmetics industry.
(options include approve and regulate)
What is regulate and approve (in that order)
200
Red litmus paper turns _____ in the presence of a solution with a pH > 8.
What is blue
300
The study of adverse effects of chemicals and physical agents on living organisms
What is toxicology?
300
Fill in the blank:
The __________ relationship helps a toxicologist determine whether exposure has caused an effect, the threshold dose, and the rate of increasing effect with increasing dose levels.
What is dose-response
300
Name 3 drugs that are not opioids in this list:
Oxycodone, Heroin, Marijuana, Morphine, Fentanyl, LSD, Hydrocodone, Percocet, OxyContin, Vicodin, Nicotine, Methamphetamine
Answers can include Marijuana, LSD, Nicotine, and Methamphetamine
300
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
Place your wagers (you may wager up to however many points you have; if you do not have any points, you may wager up to 200 pts)
An ______ occurs when an excessive amount of a drug is consumed, and toxic and/or lethal effects are observed.
**answer provided by teacher**
300
What term describes a state of matter change where a solid converts directly to a gas?
What is sublimation?
400
The lowest dose at which there was an observed toxic or adverse effect
What is the Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level (LOAEL)
400
What are the 4 ways that a human can get exposed to a chemical?
What is ingestion, injection, inhalation, and absorption
400
Methamphetamine and nicotine both release _____, which can cause users to experience euphoria and calmness.
What is dopamine
400
Name a salt commonly used to de-ice roads that is corrosive to metals.
What is sodium chloride
400
What solvent was used in the base hydrolysis of PLA?
What is 1.4 M NaOH in 1:1 mixture of ethanol and water
500
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
Place your wagers (you may wager up to however many points you have; if you do not have any points, you may wager up to 200 pts)
An antibiotic administered to humans kills bacteria in the body, but does not harm human tissues. This is an example of _____ _______.
**answer provided by teacher**
500
These 5 ideas are key elements of the ______ ________.
1. Taking anticipatory action to prevent harm in the face of scientific uncertainty.
2. Exploring alternatives, including the alternative of "no action."
3. Considering the full cost of environmental and health impacts over time.
4. Increasing public participation in decision making.
5. Shifting the responsibility for providing evidence to the proponents of an activity.
What is the Precautionary Principle?
500
A person weighing 130 lbs needs 400 mg of a drug. What is the correct dose they need in mg/kg?
There are 2.205 lbs/kg.
Your final answer must have the correct calculated number and unit.
What is 6.78 mg/kg?
500
In the consumerism unit, we have explored lactic acid as a safer __________ and we will explore various salts for their environmental toxicity when they're used as _______.
What is cleaner (specifically for soap scum) AND de-icers.
500
Fill in the blank below:
___ mL of 12 M HCl is added to ___ mL of distilled water to make 400 mL of 3 M HCl.
__100__ mL of 12 M HCl is added to _300__ mL of distilled water to make 400 mL of 3 M HCl.