CELL Bio
This structure, found in plant cells but not animal cells, provides structural support and prevents excessive water uptake.
What is the cell wall?
This type of bond holds adjacent water molecules together, giving water its cohesive and adhesive properties.
What is a hydrogen bond?
This is the term for a specific, alternative form of a gene.
What is an allele?
This term refers to an organism that synthesizes its own organic molecules from simple inorganic substances (example: producer)
What is an autotraph?
These tiny, thin-walled blood vessels are the site of material exchange between the blood and body cells.
What are capillaries?
This is the primary difference between a prokaryotic and a eukaryotic chromosome.
What is that prokaryotic DNA is circular/naked, while eukaryotic DNA is linear/associated with histone proteins
This is the precise complementary RNA strand that would be transcribed from the DNA sequence: 3'- T A C G C A -5'.
What is 5'- A U G C G U -3'?
This technique is used to amplify small amounts of DNA into millions of copies for analysis.
What is PCR (Polymerase chain reaction)
Due to the laws of thermodynamics, roughly this percentage of energy is lost as heat between trophic levels in a food chain.
What is 90%? (Or 10 percent is passed on)
This hormone, secreted by the pancreas, lowers blood glucose levels by stimulating cells to take up glucose.
Wghat is Insulin?
This specific type of active transport involves the cell membrane engulfing extracellular fluid or large particles to form a vesicle.
What is endocytosis, phagocytosis or pinocytosis
This enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during replication by breaking hydrogen bonds.
What is DNA Helicase?
This genetic condition, characterized by codominant alleles, alters the shape of hemoglobin and provides some resistance to malaria.
What is sickle cell anemia?
These are anatomical features in different species that share a common evolutionary origin, such as the pentadactyl limb.
What are homologous structures?
This type of white blood cell produces specific antibodies in response to a pathogen encounter.
What are B-lymphocytes/plasma cells
During this specific phase of mitosis, sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell.
What is Anaphase
This model describes how an enzyme changes its conformational shape slightly when binding to a substrate to ensure a tighter fit.
What is induced fit model
This non-disjunction event during meiosis results in an individual having three copies of chromosome 21.
What is Down syndrome
This mechanism of evolution occurs when environmental pressures naturally select for the organisms best adapted to survive and reproduce.
What is natural selection?
This hormone is released by the pituitary gland to control water reabsorption in the collecting duct of the kidney.
What is ADH
According to the endosymbiotic theory, these two organelles were once free-living prokaryotes that were engulfed by a larger cell.
What are mitochondria and chloroplasts?
In cell respiration, this specific 3-carbon molecule is the final product of glycolysis.
What is pyruvate?
This type of test cross is used to deduce an unknown genotype of an organism showing a dominant phenotype.
What is crossing it with a homozygous recessive individual?
This greenhouse gas is produced by prokaryotes under anaerobic conditions, commonly in wetlands and the guts of ruminants.
What is methane?
In the female reproductive cyle a surge in this specific hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary directly triggers ovulation.
What is LH? (Luteinizing)