Structure of DNA/RNA
The base that is found in RNA but NOT DNA.
What is uracil?
The name of the enzyme that breaks the hydrogen bonds between base pairs.
What is helicase?
The location of transcription.
What is the nucleus.
The location of translation.
What is the ribosome?
The location where the substrate binds.
What is the active site?
The two purine bases.
What are guanine and adenine?
The enzymes that adds new bases to the growing strand.
What is DNA polymerase?
What is a poly-A tail?
The type of RNA that brings in the amino acid.
What is tRNA?
2 things that can affect the shape of an enzyme.
What is pH and temperature.
The type of sugar found in DNA
What is Deoxyribose? (It is a 5-carbon pentose sugar, but saying that is not enough. Ribose is also a 5-carbon pentose sugar).
During replication, the strand that is formed in fragments.
What is the lagging strand?
What is spliced out of a newly synthesized mRNA molecule?
What are introns?
The type of bond that links the growing chain of amino acids together.
What is a peptide bond?
If an enzymes breaks down a substrate into 2 smaller pieces, it is called this type of reaction.
What is a catabolic reaction.
The name of the protein that DNA in eukaryotic cells is wrapped around.
The fragments on the lagging strand.
What are Okazaki fragments?
What is a guanine cap?
The 3 base sequence on the tRNA molecule.
What is "anticodon"?
A molecules that acts as a substrate and binds to the active site, and essentially "gets in the way" of the reaction.
What is a competitive inhibitor?
DNA in prokaryotes is this shape.
What is circular?
The product of DNA replication.
What is 2 identical DNA molecules?
The enzyme that brings in new DNA bases during the process of transcription.
What is RNA polymerase?
The final product of translation.
What is polypeptide (or protein)?
When an enzyme gets "unfolded" and no longer works.
What is denatured?
What is antiparallel?
This short sequence of bases is put down as a "starting point" for replication, since DNA polymerase cannot start a sequence from scratch.
What is an RNA primer?
The mRNA, that has not been modified.
What is pre-mRNA?
The central dogma of biology.
DNA to RNA to proteins.
When an inhibitor binds to the enzyme NOT at the active site, which changes the shape of the enzyme so it can no longer work.
What is allosteric inhibitor?