Purges
People
Show Trials
Stalin's role
Hodge Podge
100

Occurs when a leader wants to control & reshape the party.

Purge

100

He replaced Yagoda as head of the NKVD.

Yezhov

100

The First show trial was in 1936. Who was put on trial?

Zinoviev and Kamenev

100

Name one of Stalin's motives for the purges

silence critics

remove rivals

100

What organization used the Terror to their advantage?

NKVD

200

This leader extended the use of terror in the 1930's as an aid for the 5-year plan 

Stalin

200

In 1938 who became the head of the NKVD? 

Beria

200

Name two reasons why defendants confessed at the show trials. 

torture, spare families, worn down by interrogations

200

True or False

Industrial bosses didn’t want to be removed, so they used coercive tactics → no one in the party felt safe  → obey orders


True

200

Why was the USSR experiencing social problems? 

5-Year Plan

Social tension and violence

“Quicksand society”

300

Reasons do the Soviets (government's) provide for the “terror”?

response to alleged terrorist plots

300

Who shot Kirov? 

Leonid Nikolayev

300

Most arrests occurred at what time?

11pm to 3 am

300

Name one thing that Getty points out to argue that Stalin was not totally responsible for the Terror.

  • Stalin did not have a masterplan for the terror.
  • Certain NKVD units often acted on their own initiative.
  • Stalin is responsible for the terror, but his personality is not a sufficient explanation for its scale or form.
  • Many people were selected at random or implicated by other people.
300

Forced labor camps for enemies of the state

Gulag

400

The high ranking officials in the Red Army were purged in what year? 

1937

400

Which historian has the Totalitarian view of The Terror?  

Robert Conquest

400

Name one reason for Kirov's assassination

  • NKVD: thought/had been told Stalin wanted Kirov gone

  • Kirov wanted terror relaxed, opposite to the NKVD

  • Possible intention was to stop Nikolayev just before he killed Kirov to use as justification

       

400

Name one reason why Conquest believed that Stalin's actions were 

  • Stalin was the architect and planner of the terror
  • Stalin used purges as a weapon to establish control of the party & populace
  • Stalin sought to get rid of the old Bolsheviks who might threaten his leadership
  • NKVD was the instrument of a disciplined state apparatus which carried out orders from the top down
400

Who wrote a 200 page document against Stalin? 

Ryutin

500

Kirov's murder was the tipping point which began the purges. Where did his assassination occur? 

Party Headquarters in Leningrad

500

Which Historian has the Revisionist view of the The Terror? 

J. Arch Getty

500

what was used to gain public support for the trials?

Propaganda

500

What opposition to Stalin was there before 1934? 

  • Rapid industrialization causes tension and stress 
  • Urban workers suffered low wages, overcrowding, insanitary conditions, strict controls, and harsh punishments at work
  • High hatred between the ‘former people’ and the ‘bourgeois specialist’
  • Majority of the party wants industrialization, others disagreed with the methods
500

What was the time period of 1937-1938 of the purges called? 

Yezhovschina

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