Computer Organization
This small, fast memory inside the CPU stores frequently accessed instructions.
Cache memory
The first stage of the system life cycle where the problem is defined.
Requirement gathering
A programming construct that allows code to repeat until a condition is met.
A network covering a small geographical area such as a school building.
Local Area Network(LAN)
The software that manages hardware resources and provides services for applications.
Operating System
The component of the CPU responsible for arithmetic and logical calculations.
ALU
Name one method for gathering requirements and one advantage of using it.
Surveys - quick data collection from many users.
Reusing methods and attributes from one class in another class is called
Inheritance
This device forwards packets between different networks and connects to the internet.
Router
Translating source code into machine code line by line is called
Interpretation
The process of fetching, decoding, and executing instructions by the CPU is called:
Machine Instruction Cycle
Comparing benefits and costs before starting system development is called
Feasibility study
In OOP, this process hides the internal implementation and shows only necessary details.
Abstraction
This protocol is used to automatically assign IP addresses to devices on a network.
DHCP
Give one usability problem for a school’s online grading system.
Poor interface design, confusing navigation, or lack of accessibility options.
The number 678 (base 10) in hexadecimal and binary?
HEX: 2A6 BINARY: 0010 1010 0110
State one advantage and one disadvantage of prototyping.
Advantage: Users can give feedback early; Disadvantage: Can raise unrealistic expectations.
Explain the difference between method overloading and method overriding.
Overloading = same method name, different parameters; Overriding = subclass redefines a superclass method.
State one advantage of using a VPN.
Provides secure, encrypted connections over public networks.
Explain the purpose of user documentation when introducing a new system.
Helps users learn how to use the new system effectively.
Represent the following as a logic gate diagram: A + !(B * C )
Diagram
Explain the difference between parallel running and pilot running in system implementation.
Parallel = both systems run together; Pilot = new system runs in a small part of the organization before full rollout.
Describe two advantages of using recursive algorithms compared to iterative solutions.
Code can be simpler and easier to understand for problems like tree traversal; fewer lines of code.
Explain why packet switching is more efficient than circuit switching for data transmission.
Packet switching uses bandwidth efficiently as packets take independent routes, while circuit switching keeps a path reserved even when idle.
Identify one ethical and one environmental impact of using computer systems
Ethical: Data privacy; Environmental: Electronic waste.