Pollution
Definition: is the addition of a substance or an agent to an environment by human activity at a rate greater than that at which it can be rendered harmless by the environment, and which has an appreciable effect on the organisms within it.
What is pollution
What process does the flow arrow 3 represent?
Precipitation
The following are examples of?
Sonar
Fish Radar
Motorized boats
Artificial Intelligence
Drones
Improved Net technologies (Trawler, Purse-Sein, Long-lining, drift-net)
Improved net construction and materials
Sturdier fishing lines, and improved rods
Technologies that have increased fishing efficiency
Rough percentage of the water on Earth that can be considered fresh-water (Rounded to the nearest whole percentage)
3%
meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs
Sustainability
Definition: release of pollutants from a single identifiable source
Point Source Pollution
What does arrow 4 Represent
Surface Runoff
What are the two strategies for aquatic food production
- Wild fish capture
- Aquaculture (Farm raising Fish)
-Most of Earth's freshwater is locked in glaciers/ice
-Most organisms can't survive on salt-water
- Desalinization is expensive and takes large amounts of energy
- Demand for water increases with growing populations
- Water demands increase as societies become more sedentary
- Water is pumped faster than it can be replaced in some areas
- Some areas do not have the economic ability to reach water
What are some reasons for increasing water scarcity
occurs when individuals neglect the well-being of society in the pursuit of personal gain. This leads to over-consumption and ultimately depletion of the common resource
Tragedy of the Commons
Definition: release of pollutants from numerous, widely dispersed origins
What is non-Point Source Pollution
What does arrow 1 Represent
Transpiration
- Use of Quotas
- Crackdown on illegal fishing
- Designation of Protected areas
- Restrictions on size and types of fishing gear
Management Strategies to avoid unsustainable fishing of a fishery
Domestic – drinking, washing, cleaning.
Agriculture – drinking (animals), irrigation.
Industry - manufacturing, mining, cooling.
Aesthetic - Polishing
Hydroelectric power
Transportation
Marking boundaries
Uses for fresh-water
Fishing below a species MSY
Limits on use of resources, especially during times of high demand
Water treatment and recycling
Sustainable Practices
Easier to see who is polluting, easier to manage, easier to regulate
What are some characteristics of point source pollution?
What are some weaknesses of the model shown
Oversimplified:
- Doesn't show all processes (flows)
- Doesn't have all storages
- No quantitative information
- Any other acceptable answer
Which fishery does this describe?
Quotas were non-existent, arbitrary, or were set above the MSY for the species of fish for the majority of time before 1992.
No limitations on technology used to catch fish
No protected areas in the fishery prior to 1992
Fish population collapsed and still has not returned to prior levels
What is the Atlantic Cod Fishery in Newfoundland
•Reservoirs
•Redistribution
•Desalination plants
•Rainwater harvesting (large and small scale)
•More water efficient buildings and appliances
•Educate on water conservation (impose restrictions)
•Artificially recharge aquifers
Strategies for meeting increasing water demands
Apply Tragedy of the commons to an ocean
Reasonable response
may have many sources, virtually impossible to detect the source of pollution, hard to manage, regulations have to be universal to have any chance of creating impact
characteristics of non-point source pollution
What are some human activities that affect the hydrological cycle?
- Agriculture
- Deforestation
- Urbanization
Which fishery does this describe:
- Protected areas around the fishery, and tracking devices are used to mark where fish were caught
- Quotas are in place set below the MSY of the population
- Public and governmental Pressure placed on businesses to only buy legally obtained and sustainably caught fish
Icelandic Cod Fishery
350 Liters a day
Average Daily Water consumption per person in residential areas in the US in 2015
Evaluate a sustainable fishing practice
1 strength and 1 weakness