Pollution
Definition: is the addition of a substance or an agent to an environment by human activity at a rate greater than that at which it can be rendered harmless by the environment, and which has an appreciable effect on the organisms within it.
What is pollution
What process does the flow arrow 4 represent?
Precipitation
The following are examples of?
Sonar
Fish Radar
Motorized boats
Artificial Intelligence
Drones
Improved Net technologies (Trawler, Purse-Sein, Long-lining, drift-net)
Improved net construction and materials
Sturdier fishing lines, and improved rods
Technologies that have increased fishing efficiency
Rough percentage of the water on Earth that can be considered fresh-water (Rounded to the nearest whole percentage)
3%
the over-enrichment of water (lakes, rivers, oceans) with nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus, usually from fertilizer runoff or sewage. This triggers excessive algae growth (algal blooms) that block sunlight, and when the algae die and decompose, they consume oxygen, creating "dead zones" where fish and other aquatic life cannot survive
what is Eutrophication
Definition: release of pollutants from a single identifiable source
Point Source Pollution
What does arrow 5 Represent
Surface Runoff
What are the two strategies for aquatic food production
- Wild fish capture
- Aquaculture (Farm raising Fish)
-Most of Earth's freshwater is locked in glaciers/ice
-Most organisms can't survive on salt-water
- Desalinization is expensive and takes large amounts of energy
- Demand for water increases with growing populations
- Water demands increase as societies become more sedentary
- Water is pumped faster than it can be replaced in some areas
- Some areas do not have the economic ability to reach water
What are some reasons for increasing water scarcity
occurs when individuals neglect the well-being of society in the pursuit of personal gain. This leads to over-consumption and ultimately depletion of the common resource
Tragedy of the Commons
Definition: release of pollutants from numerous, widely dispersed origins
What is non-Point Source Pollution
What does arrow 1 Represent
Evaporation
- Use of Quotas
- Crackdown on illegal fishing
- Designation of Protected areas
- Restrictions on size and types of fishing gear
Management Strategies to avoid unsustainable fishing of a fishery
Domestic – drinking, washing, cleaning.
Agriculture – drinking (animals), irrigation.
Industry - manufacturing, mining, cooling.
Aesthetic - Polishing
Hydroelectric power
Transportation
Marking boundaries
Uses for fresh-water
a type of "Harmful Algal Bloom" (HAB) caused by a rapid, dense explosion of microscopic algae in coastal waters, often turning the water red, green, or brown. These blooms produce powerful toxins that can kill marine life, cause respiratory irritation in humans, and contaminate shellfish. It is naturally occurring, but human influences have increased its abundance and frequency
Red tide (bonus points for scientific name)
Discovered in the 1980s, the Great Pacific Garbage Patch is estimated to contain over 1.8 trillion pieces of this material.
What is plastic?
What are some weaknesses of the model shown
Oversimplified:
- Doesn't show all processes (flows)
- Doesn't have all storages
- No quantitative information
- Any other acceptable answer
Which fishery does this describe?
Quotas were non-existent, arbitrary, or were set above the MSY for the species of fish for the majority of time before 1992.
No limitations on technology used to catch fish
No protected areas in the fishery prior to 1992
Fish population collapsed and still has not returned to prior levels
What is the Atlantic Cod Fishery in Newfoundland
•Reservoirs
•Redistribution
•Desalination plants
•Rainwater harvesting (large and small scale)
•More water efficient buildings and appliances
•Educate on water conservation (impose restrictions)
•Artificially recharge aquifers
Strategies for meeting increasing water demands
What are the main contributors to dead zones and HAB's? (what causes them? hint: it's not just 'nutrients'!)
Municipal and agricultural runoff with high levels of nutrients
Often mistaken for food by marine life, these tiny plastic particles are less than 5mm in size.
What are some human activities that affect the hydrological cycle?
- Agriculture
- Deforestation
- Urbanization
Where can you go to find information about sustainable seafood choices?
what is Seafood Watch
300-380 Liters a day (or 80-100 gallons)
Average Daily Water consumption per person in residential areas in the US in 2015
the highest average catch or harvest that can be continuously taken from a population (e.g., fish, timber) over the long term without depleting its ability to replenish itself
What is MSY? Maximum Sustainable Yield