Mussolini: RISE
Describe ONE regional difference between Northern and Southern Italy in 1914.
North- more industrial, more literate, more educated, greater infrastructure (railroads and roads)
Name one of Mussolini's key allies by the end of 1929.
The Church, the King, big businesses, big landowners
__________ feared and awed Mussolini, so Mussolini didn't have to worry about not having the Army's support.
The King
Mussolini's desire to strengthen the Italian currency became known as...
the Battle for the Lira
These groups rivaled the official Fascism youth groups and were banned from participating in political activities, causing a dispute between the Church and Mussolini.
Catholic Action youth groups
This word describes economic independence or self-sufficiency.
autarky
These street fighters were originally organized by Mussolini as an armed militia.
Blackshirts
Italy became a __________________, for Mussolini's central goal was to maintain and increase his own political power.
personal dictatorship
Under the Corporate State economy, corporations would be represented by...
Fascist trade unions
Name one anti-Semitic policy enacted in Italy after 1938.
Jews were banned from state schools (teachers and students), excluded from membership of the National Fascist Party, prevened from owning large companies or large pieces of land, forbidden to marry non-Jews, excluded from posts in the military and banking
This was a humiliating defeat for the Italians during WWI.
Battle of Caporetto
This law legalized "Confino" (the confinement of politically or socially suspect people), arresting people without trial, "preventative arrest," and led to heavy political profiling.
The Decree on Public Safety
Besides newspapers, _____ and ______ were also incredibly powerful tools for Fascist propaganda. *You only need to get 1*
Radio, Cinema
Created in 1933, this entity took control of shares of top Italian companies previously owned by Western banks during the Great Depression, and thus made the Italian State the majority owner of these companies.
The Institute for Industrial Reconstruction (IRI)
Launched in 1927, this was designed to increase the population from 40 to 60 million by 1950.
The Battle for Births
Some Italians considered WWI a War of _________ and that their government didn't care how many Italians died in the process.
Attrition
This law created a secret police force, criminalized politics that went against Mussolini, and even authorized the death penalty for speaking against the government.
The Law for the Defense of the State
Mussolini was portrayed by the press as the new ________, or Italy's _________. *You only need to get 1*
Julius Caesar, Savior
Large government contracts were placed in these industries in order to encourage economies of scale. Name 2.
Steel, chemicals, shipbuilding, car manufacturing, rubber
Set up in 1937, this organized youth movements that became mandatory for all students over the age of 8.
The ONB / Opera Nazionale Balilla
The threat of ________ contributed to the rise of Fascism.
Socialism
These agreements recognized Catholicism as the official religion of Italy and the Vatican City as its own entity.
The Lateran Agreements
Mussolini encouraged a ____________ that stressed his genius, his power, and his indispensability as leader of the nation.
cult of personality
This economic decision of Mussolini's weakened Italian's consumer power and essentially negated the positive effects of the strengthened Lira.
Placing high tariffs on foreign imports
This organization was focused on providing Fascist-approved leisure activities for adults and controlled all football clubs, 1350 theatres, 2000 drama societies, 3000 brass bands, and 8000 libraries.
The Dopolavoro