US Imperialism
What ship's sinking convinced the US to start the Spanish-American War?
The USS Maine
Define the Big Stick Policy (including the president who used it)
Theodore Roosevelt; using violence/threats to achieve diplomacy aims & willingness to intervene militarily in Latin America to support US interests
Name the British passenger liner famously sunk by a German U-boat in 1915.
The Lusitania
What was the Porfiriato?
Rule of Porfirio Diaz 1876-1911; "order and progress" created wealth for the elites only.
What were corridos?
Ballads that told stories/news of the Revolution, w/themes of romance, bravery
Explain at least 2 economic reasons for US expansion.
Glut thesis - too much goods in US, need to expand markets to sell more; depression in US -> search for more resources & land (frontier thesis)
Explain Dollar Diplomacy & identify the president who used it.
William Howard Taft; using US economic power (economists, creating budgets, sending US businesses) to shape foreign policy
What was the Zimmerman Telegram?
Germany offered alliance w/Mexico if US joined WWI & to help take Mexican land back from US
List 3 social, political, or economic problems that led to the Revolution.
Low literacy rates, high infant mortality, strikes repressed, poor working conditions, low wages, no freedom of speech, no local elections, etc.
Describe the Muralism movement.
Explain how Social Darwinism & Manifest Destiny inspired US expansion.
Explain Moral Diplomacy & identify the president who used it.
Explain three reasons for US neutrality in WWI.
No entanglement in European alliances; immigrant population -> domestic opposition; economy benefits from trading w/both sides
Who wrote the Plan de Ayala and what were its goals?
Emiliano Zapata; land reforms (expropriate and redistribute land back to the ejidos)
List at least 3 different roles women played in the Revolution.
Soldaderas - soldiers, nurses, cooking, cleaning, caring for animals, delivering messages, spies, etc.
Explain the terms of the Treaty of Paris (1898).
Spain ceded Puerto Rico & Guam to US; Cuban independence; US bought Philippines for $15 million
Explain the US intervention/role in building the Panama Canal.
Roosevelt sent US Navy to help Panama fight Colombia for independence when Colombia turned down canal offer; Panama then accepted US deal to build canal after independent
List 4 of Wilson's 14 points.
Freedom of the seas; self-determination; League of Nations; open diplomacy; demilitarization
Why did Madero get overthrown and who led the coup?
He failed to make land reforms and kept Porfiristas in power; few major changes made. Huerta led the coup "Ten Tragic Days"
List 3 reforms made by Obregon during his presidency 1920-24.
Established SPE (Education dept.) w/Vasconcelos minister - rural schools built; allied w/CROM; redistributed 1 million hectares; Bucareli Accords w/US
Define the Monroe Doctrine & Roosevelt Corollary.
Monroe Doctrine - Western hemisphere belongs to the US so Europe should stay out; Roosevelt Corollary = US will intervene militarily to support US interests & preserve independence from Europe
Explain in detail another US intervention in a Latin American country.
Ex: Nicaragua 1910; Mexico 1914; Honduras 1911; Dominican Republic 1916
Why did the US Senate refuse to ratify the Treaty of Paris?
Senate Republicans led by Henry Cabot Lodge opposed to US involvement in European affairs through League of Nations- required to intervene in foreign wars, erode US sovereignty & Congressional power
Who were the Conventionists and Constitutionalists and what were their differences?
Conventionists = Villa & Zapata, want radical reforms (land redistribution) vs. Constitutionalists = Carranza & Obregon, want moderate constitution
How did Cardenas revive the Revolution 1934-1940?
Enforced 1917 Constitution more fully: education expanded in rural areas w/nationalist curriculum; redistributed 45 million acres; established CTM union (compete w/CROM); nationalized oil