Gravitation
According to Kepler's laws of planetary motion, this is the shape of a planet's orbit
What is an ellipse?
This quantity is considered a universal speed limit
What is the speed of light (in a vacuum)?
This method of charging involves grounding a neutral conductor
What is (charging by) induction?
These features of a magnet always come in pairs
What are poles?
According to Faraday's law, emf can be induced in a loop of wire by changing the amount of this
What is magnetic flux (through the loop)?
The upward speed required for an object to never fall back down
What is escape speed (velocity)?
This is the amount by which time stretches or lengths compress in special relativity
What is the Lorentz or gamma factor?
This term describes an object with an equal number of protons and electrons
What is neutral?
As more of these line up, an object will gain magnetic properties
What are (magnetic) domains?
This states that the direction of induced current tends to oppose the change that induced it
What is Lenz's law?
The gravitational force exerted on a small test mass per unit mass
What is gravitational field (strength)?
The time interval between two events measured in a frame of reference in which the events occur at a single point in space
What is proper time (interval)?
These are used to create a uniform electric field
What are parallel plates?
In the right-hand palm rule, your thumb represents this
What is motion of (positive) charge, or current?
This is a device for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy
What is a generator?
This describes planets sweeping out equal areas in equal units of time
What is Kepler's 2nd Law?
A frame of reference in which Newton's first law is valid
What is an inertial (frame of reference)?
The work done per unit charge to move a small positive test charge from infinity to a point in space
What is electric potential?
This is the name for a coil of wire carrying an electric current
What is a solenoid?
This type of transformer is used by the power company at the end of the power lines near a house or neighborhood
What is a step down transformer?
According to Einstein's theory, gravity is modeled by this feature of spacetime
What is curvature (curved spacetime)?
A common type of spacetime diagram and the metric for measuring spacetime intervals are named after this Polish physicist
Who is (Hermann) Minkowski?
This effect can cause a neutral object to be attracted to an electrically charged object
What is polarization?
This is the shape of the path taken by a charged particle moving through a magnetic field
What is a circle or spiral (helix)?
Transformer cores are laminated to reduce the effect of these in dissipating energy
What are eddy currents?