Cognitive Approach
Mental processes
What is the main focus of the cognitive approach in psychology?
This theory explains how individuals learn behaviors, attitudes, and norms through observation and imitation of others.
Social Cognitive Theory
The scientific study of the mind & behaviour
What is Psychology?
Informed consent, protection from harm, and the right to withdraw.
What are examples of ethical considerations in Psychology?
9 marks
How many marks is an SAQ worth?
Mental frameworks that organize and interpret information
Define schema
This theory explains how individuals develop a sense of belonging to groups and how this affects intergroup behavior.
Social Identity Theory
Identified by Tversky and Kahneman, this bias occurs when people rely too heavily on the first piece of information they receive when making decisions.
Anchoring Bias
This qualitative research method is commonly used in sociocultural psychology to study how people behave in their natural environments.
What is an observation?
22 marks
Loftus and Palmer (1974) supports [theory]
A study that can be used as support for reconstructive memory or schemas
This phenomenon occurs when individuals underperform on a task due to anxiety about confirming a negative stereotype about their social group.
Stereotype threat
This model suggests that humans rely on both fast, intuitive thinking and slow, rational thinking when making decisions.
What is the dual-processing model of thinking?
Independent Variable & Dependent Variable
In an experiment, which variable is deliberately manipulated by the researcher to observe its effect and which variable is measured?
Critical thinking
What is the main difference between an SAQ & LAQ?
An active process involving encoding, storage, and retrieval
Define memory
In his research on cultural dimensions, this psychologist identified key value systems, such as individualism vs. collectivism, that influence human behavior.
Hofstede
This type of social influence occurs when individuals adjust their behavior to match that of a group.
Conformity
A research method that uses triangulation and involves an in-depth investigation of an individual, group, or event over time.
What is an Case Study?
PEEL it
What should you do to a critical thinking point?
The working memory model suggests there are multiple components for processing in STM and the multi-store model of memory explains how information moves from STM to LTM
Name one difference for the WMM & MSM
According to Berry’s model of acculturation, this strategy occurs when an individual maintains their original culture while also adopting elements of the new culture.
Integration
The process by which individuals learn and adopt behaviors from their social environment.
Define socialization
This statistical method is used to determine whether a relationship between two variables is significant.
What are Inferential Statistics?
Failing to define key terms, not explaining the theory fully, connect research/ arguments to the question, and provide relevant research.
How do you lose marks in the knowledge and understanding section of the mark scheme?