THE BRAIN
HORMONES
GENETICS
EVOLUTION
General
100
"Killer brains" were investigated by?
Raine et al
100
Light affects this hormone
Melatonin
100
The minnesota twin study was conducted by
Bouchard et al.
100
Who conducted the waist-hip ratio study?
Singh
100
Name 3 principles of the biological level of analysis
1. All behavior is biologically based 2. Behavior is inherited 3. Animal studies can inform our understanding of human behavior
200
This brain scanning technique measures glucose consumption & blood flow in the brain
PET
200
Name the researcher who gave participant different doses of cortisol to investigate the effects of stress on memory
Newcomer et al
200
Name 4 methods that are used for investigating the link between genetics and behavior?
twin studies, adoption studies, family studies, linkage studies
200
This researcher asked 496 Pregnant women consider 32 potentially stomach-turning scenarios
Fessler.
200
What case studies have provided us with useful information in the biological level of analysis?
Phineas Gage; HM; Tan
300
What parts of HM's brain was removed during surgery?
temporal lobe and part of the hippocampus
300
The cycle of light/dark, wakefulness/sleep to which most human physiologic processes are called.....
Circadian rhythms
300
The assumption that nuture affects twins reared together in the same way is called....
The equal enviornment hypothesis/ assumption.
300
Studying animals can lead to anthropomorphism. What is meant by this term?
the error of seeing animal characteristics in people and human characteristics in animals
300
What is meant by the term "mirror neurons"
A neuron that fires when observing someone else's behavior
400
Recent research (Kim & Hirsch, 1997) suggests that bilinguals used a larger part of the brain, not just Brocas area, when thinking in that language. This supports the view of .....
Neuroplasticity
400
What was the aim of Beate Ditzen's study?
This researcher investigated and analyzed the effects of the hormone oxytocin given to couples who were asked to disagree....to measure if oxytocin improved communication behaviour.
400
One strategy that researchers have used involves studying children of parents who were not reared by their natural parents but were adopted and reared by normal parents. Name a research that involved this technique and what were its findings?
Mednick et al. When both adoptive and biological parents were non-criminal, 13.5% of the adoptees had a criminal record. This increased to 14.7% when adoptive parents only were criminal (environmental but not genetic predispositions present). When biological parents only were criminal the conviction rate in the adoptees increased to 20%. However, when both adoptive and biological parents were criminal the conviction rate increased to 24.5%.
400
Women prefer the scent of a man with dissimilar MHC genes. Name the researcher and the study that showed support for this occurence.
Wedekind et al. The Dity T-Shirt study
400
Explain the results of Kasamatsu & Hirai's study with the monks
Serotonin levels in the monks had significantly increased which activated the hypothalamus and frontal cortex. This brain activity, in turn, triggered the hallucinations.
500
Disturbances in this neurotransmitter may be related to the depressive symptom anhedonia.....
Dopamine
500
When oxytocin is given to healthy individuals, which part of the brain appears to be affected and what effect is noticed that could be helpful to people with autism or social anxiety disorders?
The brain circuits involved in fear regulation (the amygdala) - oxytocin makes us more comfortable and there is an increase in trust.
500
Adoption studies, indicate that intelligence is not determined entirely by heredity. Name two such studies that provide evidence for this.
Scarr & Weinberg; Wahlstein et al
500
In Buss' study on jealousy, female participants reported that they would be more upset by the _____________ of their partner, while males reported ______________ to be more upsetting. Fill in the blanks
emotional infidelity; sexual infidelity
500
Fischer believes that romantic love is hardwired into our brains by millions of years of evolution. She presents the thesis that romantic love is not an emotion, but rather a motivational system – a need or a craving that is designed to enable lovers to mate. Describe this research.
fMRI scans were used to investigate blood flow in the brains of 20 men and women who were madly in love when they looked at photos of their beloved and of a neutral acquaintance. Pps first filled out a questionnaire (the Passionate Love Scale) with statements relating to how they feel about their relationship. This was done to compare the brain activity of each pp to what they reported on the questionnaires. Pps first looked at the photo of their beloved for 30 sec while the brain was scanned. They had a filler task to distract them before they looked at a neutral photo for 30 sec. This was repeated 6 times. The results showed that the brain’s reward system was particularly active when the pps looked at pictures of the object of their love
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