Biological Level
The gap between one neuron and another.
Synapse
Explain the concept of reconstructive memory
Memory is not just simply recalling events exactly the way they occurred but processed through a person’s past experiences and knowledge (schema) and therefore reconstructed
What is positive distinctiveness?
A person seeing their in-group as superior to their out-groups
Which study investigated the effect of culture on behaviour?
Berry et al
Ecological validity
What is the antagonist to acetylcholine
Scopolamine
What is the recency effect?
The last piece of information in a list still being available in the STM
Generalizations about a group of people in which the same characteristics are assigned to all members of a group.
Which study investigated stereotypes?
Steele and Aronson
If a study used a limited sample it is...
not generalisable
What are functions that have not been localised in the brain called?
widely distributed function
What are the 4 STM components in the working memory model?
Central executive, phonological loop, visuospatial sketchpad, episodic buffer
What is the line test used in Berry et all called?
Asch's line test
Which 2 studies investigated emotion and cognition?
Brown and Kulik
Neisser and Harsch
What does SCOUT stand for?
Supporting evidence, conflicting evidence, opposing theories, usefulness, testability
What does the theory of neuroplasticity suggests would likely happen if someone receives brain damage in an area of the brain?
Its function can be taken up by another area of the brain by forming new connections there
Relying too much on the first piece of information when making decisions
What can increase motivation in social cognitive theory?
Identifying with the model's age or gender, model being warmth
What study investigated the effect of hormones on behaviour?
Baumgartner et al
What is a study called when it uses already pre-existing groups rather than creating them for the study?
Quasi experiment
How does an fMRI work? And what it stands for
Functional Magnetic resonance imaging. A participant is placed in an fMRI machine. When a brain area is active, the organism supplies it with oxygenated blood. When put in a magnetic field (fMRI) oxygen emits pulses of energy, which are detected by the machine.
What are heuristics?
Mental shortcuts taken due to system 1 processing
Learning through observation of other people being rewarded for their actions
Vicarious reinforcement
Bailey and Pillard
When a model explains things too simply (not complex enough)
Reductionist