Cellular Respiration
What is the first step in cellular respiration?
Glycolysis
Which energy system produces quick bursts of energy for a short period of time (1-10 sec)?
ATP-CP System
A condensation reaction can combine glucose molecules to form: (Can be more than one answer)
Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Polysaccharides
2 and 3
Where is fat stored in the body? Provide one location.
Adipose tissue and skeletal muscle
What metabolic process breaks glucose down into pyruvate?
Glycolysis
Which step(s) requires oxygen in cellular respiration?
Kreb’s Cycle and Electron Transport Chain
Which energy system is the quickest to re-synthesize ATP?
ATP-CP System
Which term is described as being synthesized by the human body?
Non-essential nutrient
How many fatty acids and glycerols make up a triglyceride?
3 FA’s
1 Glycerol
Which term describes the breakdown of chemical substances into simpler compounds in the absence of oxygen?
Anaerobic Catabolism
How many ATP does glycolysis yield?
2
What macronutrient can aerobic respiration utilize?
All macronutrients (carbs, fats, and proteins)
Which micronutrient is a carbohydrate?
Calcium
Fiber
Vitamin A
Folic Acid
2. Fiber
What is the chemical composition of a protein molecule?
C, H, O, and N
What is the conversion of glucose to glycogen called?
Glycogenesis
In aerobic respiration, what happens after glucose is converted into pyruvate?
Pyruvate gets converted into Acetyl CoA and the Kreb’s Cycle can begin
How long can we utilize the lactic acid system?
30 seconds - 2/3 minutes
What is an example of unsaturated fat?
Canola, avocado, nut, olive oils
Anything liquid at room temp
What is the energy content per 100g of a carbohydrate and fat molecule?
Carb = 1760 kJ
Fat = 4000 kJ
What metabolic process breaks down fatty acids to Acetyl CoA?
Beta-oxidation
If there is no oxygen present, what happens to pyruvate?
Converts into lactic acid
What parts of a muscle fiber requires ATP to drive contraction?
Actin (thin filaments)
Myosin (thick filaments)
Part 1) What is the chemical composition of a glucose molecule?
Part 2) What is the correct ratio of the glucose molecule?
C, H, and O
1:2:1
For a non-athlete what percentage of daily caloric intake should be made up of carbs, fats and proteins?
Carbs = 45 - 65%
Fats = 15 - 30%
Proteins = 10 - 15%
Name the two hormones that are produced by the pancreas. Then with an arrow indicate if they cause blood glucose to increase or decrease.
Insulin (down arrow)
Glucagon (up arrow)