Principle Structures
Conductive Airways
Pulmonary Ventilation
Mechanics Of Ventilation
Vent Control/Transport/Gas Exchange
100
What are the entry points for air moving into our body?
Nose and Mouth
100
What does the phrase "conducting airways" refer to?
the passageways that air passes before arriving at the alveoli for gas exchange
100
Refers to the inflow and outflow of air between the atmosphere and the lungs
Pulmonary Ventilation
100
The mechanics of human Ventilation is a combination of __________ processes and _________ _____________ by muscles
Passive; Active Work
100
Gas exchange occurs between Alveoli and Capillaries using what process?
Diffusion
200
What are the 3 structures that make up the "throat"
Pharynx, Larynx, & Trachea
200
One function of conducting airways is warming the air. this is because warmer air is________ and that makes diffusion ___________
Lighter; Faster
200
What does letter B refer to
Tidal Volume
200
the main muscle in our ventilation system that controls the inflow and outflow of air.
Diaphragm
200
the process of Diffusion always occurs from a ________ concentration to a __________ concentration
High;Low
300
The lungs house 3 structures that are apart of our ventilation system, what are they?
Bronchi (Bronchus)
Bronchioles
Alveoli
300
________ and _________ help filter inside the conducting airways
cilia; mucus
300
What does C refer to?
Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
300
Boyles Law says that at constant temps, volume and pressure of a gas have a(n) __________ relationship. that means as volume increases the pressure ____________.
Inverse; decreases
300
What complex protein is responsible for transporting Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide to and from the body cells and lungs. (Double Jeopardy for listing the specific names)
Hemoglobin
DJ: Oxyhemoglobin & Deoxyhemoglobin
400
This structure is where gas exchange occurs
alveoli
400
list the pathways of the Conductive Airways in order. (7 total)
+mouth
400
Which letter refers to Vital Capacity
G
400
Because of the increased demand for O2 during exercise, even more air needs to be inhaled at a faster rate.
To achieve this, some additional muscles in the chest wall, shoulders and abdomen are recruited to do what?
1.___________________________________
2.___________________________________
1. Increase lung volume during inhale
2. Faster and more forceful exhale
400
The respiratory centers in the brain stem (the medulla and the pons) have specialized cells called ________________ that actively monitor the chemistry of our blood.
Chemoreceptors
500
how many cells thick are alveoli and capillaries
Each structure is 1 cell thick
500
List the 4 functions of conducting airways
1. Warming Air
2. Moisten air
3. Filtering the air to remove debris, chemicals, and other harmful materials
4. Changing air pressure inside the lungs
500
What is the equation for Total Lung Capacity?
TLC=TV+IRV+ERV+RV
or
TLC=VC+RV
500
Name 3 of the accessory muscles used to increase respiration rates during exercise
Scalenes
Sternomastoids
Inspiratory/Expiratory Intercostals
External Obliques
Expiratory Abdominals
500
As CO2 levels in the blood increase, the pH of the blood ____________ and becomes more ____________. this change in pH will trigger a(n) ____________ in the rate and _____________ of respiration.
decreases; acidic; increase; depth