Water & Biochemistry
This property allows water molecules to stick to each other, helping water move up xylem vessels
What is cohesion?
This is the basic structural and functional unit of life.
What is the cell?
These are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA
What are adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine?
This is the term for a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
What is a species?
This pigment gives plants their green color and is essential for photosynthesis.
What is chlorophyll?
These weak interactions form between polar molecules like water, explaining its high specific heat capacity
What are hydrogen bonds?
These are the two main types of electron microscopes.
What are transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)?
This scientist’s rules showed that %A = %T and %G = %C in DNA.
Who is Erwin Chargaff? (Chargaff rules)
This Swedish scientist developed the binomial naming system.
Who is Carl Linnaeus?
This organ can regenerate itself even after losing up to 70% of its tissue.
What is the liver?
This polysaccharide forms plant cell walls through alternating β-glucose orientation
What is cellulose?
These ribosomes are found in prokaryotes.
What are 70S ribosomes?
This type of bond forms the strong “backbone” of DNA.
What are phosphodiester bonds?
These structures, like the pentadactyl limb, are evidence of common ancestry.
What are homologous structures?
This animal has the longest migration of any mammal, traveling from the Arctic to the Antarctic.
What is the humpback whale?
This property of lipids explains why they do not dissolve in water.
What is hydrophobicity? (hydrophobic)
This theory explains the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts from once free-living prokaryotes
What is the endosymbiotic theory?
This is the term for different versions of the same gene
What are alleles?
This mechanism explains how differences in DNA sequences accumulate over time, allowing estimation of divergence.
What is the molecular clock? (mutation invalid since it relates to stimation of time)
This British rock band shares its name with a group of primates adapted to cold environments in the Northern Hemisphere
Who are the Arctic Monkeys?
This protein–carbohydrate structure on cell surfaces allows recognition, as seen in ABO blood groups
What are glycoproteins?
This atypical eukaryotic cell structure is seen in skeletal muscle
What are multiple nuclei?
This experiment with radioactive isotopes of sulfur and phosphorus showed DNA is the genetic material.
What is the Hershey–Chase experiment?
This form of speciation occurs when a population is split by a physical barrier such as a river or mountain.
What is allopatric speciation?
This enzyme, the most abundant on Earth, is responsible for fixing carbon dioxide in the Calvin cycle
What is Rubisco (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase)?