CASE STUDIES 1
In 2024, this city became the first in the world to charge day-trippers an entry fee to access its historic centre.
What is Venice?
The Tourism Area Life Cycle model is also known as.
What is the Butler's Model?
Q: These economies, like Brazil or India, are rapidly growing and are classified as being between low-income and high-income countries.
A: What are emerging economies?
Q: This is the term for the proportion of incoming solar radiation that is reflected back into space by surfaces like ice and snow.
A: What is albedo?
Q. This Indian megacity struggles with challenges like extreme overcrowding, inadequate infrastructure, and significant income inequality, while also being a major economic hub and a key port city.
What is Mumbai?
The ancient Inca citadel at this site faces erosion of stone terraces and pathways as millions of tourists walk the same routes each year.
What is Machu Picchu?
Hotels, restaurants, and shopping centres are examples of this category of tourist resource, created specifically to accommodate visitors.
What are secondary tourist resources?
Q: The average number of children born to a woman over her lifetime is called this.
A: What is the fertility rate?
Q: This international agreement, adopted in 2015, aims to limit global warming to below 2°C, with efforts to keep it below 1.5°C.
A: What is the Paris Agreement?
Q. This country has implemented an anti-natalist policy, aimed at limiting population growth where the one-child policy was enforced for decades to curb rapid population increase.
Airbnb expansion in this country's capital has removed housing stock from the rental market, driving up rents and forcing residents to campaign for short-term let regulations.
What is Iceland?
This term describes tourists who visit a location specifically because a film or TV series was shot there — Iceland attracted visitors this way through its role in Star Wars
Movie Location Tourism
Q: This demographic benefit occurs when a country experiences low dependency ratios and a large, youthful working-age population, boosting economic productivity.
A: What is the demographic dividend?
Q: Governments often encourage industries to offset their emissions by engaging in this system, which allows them to buy and sell carbon credits.
A: What is carbon trading?
Q. This country experienced a significant demographic dividend in the late 20th century, as a large working-age population fueled rapid economic growth, particularly in industries like technology and manufacturing.
What is South Korea?
Coral reef systems at this country's most famous island resorts have been severely damaged by boat anchors, sunscreen chemicals, and physical contact from snorkellers.
What is Thailand?
The use of major international sporting events like the FIFA World Cup or Olympic Games to enhance a nation's global prestige and international influence is an example of this concept.
Soft Power
Q: This ratio, often used to measure the economic burden of the working-age population, compares the number of dependents (young and elderly) to the working-age population, with higher ratios indicating greater strain on social systems.
Q: This controversial approach involves using technology to deliberately manipulate the Earth's climate, for example by increasing cloud reflectivity.
A: What is geo-engineering?
Q. This region within a nation has seen significant displacement due to both environmental factors, like desertification and flooding, as well as ongoing conflict, leading many to migrate in search of safety and resources.
What is Borno, Nigeria?
Name one social cost and one economic benefit of Glastonbury Festival for its surrounding rural area.
Cost: noise/crime/drug use/traffic. Benefit: visitor spending (~£300 per person) / income to charities — accept valid examples
Name one positive and one negative political influence on international sports participation, using the case studies from the syllabus. [
Positive: Australia's government encouragement of youth sport participation. Negative: Russia's state-sponsored doping scandal
Q: Countries like Japan or Germany, with shrinking populations, often implement this type of policy to encourage more births.
A: What are pro-natalist policies?
Q: This term describes the temporary reduction of solar radiation reaching the Earth, often following a volcanic eruption.
A: What is global dimming?
Q. These two countries face severe climate change impacts, but in different ways: one struggles with rising sea levels threatening its low-lying land, while the other faces existential threats from disappearing islands due to rising ocean levels.
Q. This East Asian country is experiencing a rapidly aging population, leading to labor shortages, increased healthcare costs, and changes in social policies to support its elderly population, including pension reform and encouragement of higher birth rates.
What is Japan?
One major criticism of infrastructure built for mega-events is that it becomes this after the games end
Underused or Abandoned/ White Elephant
Q: This type of societal transition occurs when a country moves from high birth and death rates to lower rates, significantly changing its population structure.
A: What is demographic transition?
Q: These biological communities, defined by their climate and dominant vegetation, are shifting in spatial distribution due to changing temperatures and precipitation patterns.
A: What are biomes?
Q. In response to this global accord, Chile has made significant changes to its climate change laws, committing to reduce emissions and transitioning to renewable energy sources, aiming for carbon neutrality by 2050.
What is the Paris Climate Change Agreement?