Classifying Chemical Reactions
What classifies a chemical reaction?
It is a process in which one or more substances, also called reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, known as products.
The speed at which a chemical reaction proceeds is referred to as ____
A reaction rate
The substance being dissolved in a solution.
What is a solute?
When added to water, acids produce ____
H+
hydrogen ions
What did the M&Ms represent?
a mixture, we calculated the concentrations
What type of chemical reaction is written as:
A + B -> AB
Synthesis Reaction
What three variables cause reaction rates to differ?
nature of reactants
type of reaction occurring
temperature
the substance that determines the solutions state of matter.
what is the solvent?
When added to water, bases produce _______
OH-
hydroxide ions
What were the sugar and salt considered in our solution lab?
solutes
What type of reaction is written as:
A + BC -> AC + B
Single Replacement Reaction
What are the three assumptions of collision theory?
for a reaction to occur it is necessary for the reacting species (atoms or molecules) to come together or collide with one another.
Not all collisions cause chemical change.
A collision will produce chemical change only if the species brought together possess a certain minimum value of internal energy, equal to the activation energy of the reaction.
How do we calculate the concentration of a solution?
solute/solution volume
When an acid and a base are combined, they produce ______
water + salt
What process did we use to make the dirty water 'somewhat clear'
filtration
What is a REDOX reaction?
A reaction where both a reduction and an oxidation occur
What does Le Chatliers Principle state?
If a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by changing the conditions, the position of equilibrium shifts to counteract the change to reestablish an equilibrium
How are mixtures and solutions different from one another?
mixtures maintain their own physical properties while solutions do not.
What does a pH meter measure to classify a material?
the H+ or OH- concentration in a solution
What did we use to determine the pH of many substances?
litmus paper
Draw an energy graph of an endothermic reaction.
Draw on board.
If I increase the pressure of a system, how will the reaction shift to reestablish equilibrium?
towards fewer moles of gas
What are the two ways we learned in class to separate mixtures and how do they work?
Distillation, filtration
What does it mean to be a 'strong' acid?
Being a strong acid means it will disassociate completely in water to produce the maximum H+ ions that it can
Why did the egg in the acidic solution become rubbery? What did this represent?
the eggshell dissolved in the acidic solution and the egg absorbed the vinegar. this represented ocean acidification and the breakdown of exoskeleton and shells of marine species.