Chapter 3
Describe the aspects that make up on scene communications.
Strategic and tactical decisions, the placement of apparatus, the assignment of personnel, and the need for additional resources.
Explain the hazards related to building construction.
The spread and the effects of fire and fire suppression on the building
Explain the factors that affect fire development
Fuel type, availability/location of more fuels, room volume and height, ventilation
Identify fire alarm initiating devices
Pull stations, alarms, and the detectors: heat, smoke, flame, fire-gas, and combination
Describe types of portable fire extinguishers.
Pump-Type Water Extinguishers, Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF) Extinguishers, Clean Agent Extinguishers, Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Extinguishers, Dry Chemical Extinguishers.
Describe radio procedure used for internal communications.
Units have to identify themselves and repeat the essence of the message back to the sender.
Recognize the factors that influence structural collapse.
construction type,length of time fire burns, stage of the fire,contents, amount of water used to extinguish the fire
Recognize signs, causes, and effects of rapid development
Has to occur in a close compartment, pyrolysis ignites everything, and very rapidly ends with full room involvement. An indicator is darkened rapid smoke and bi-directional air flow
Explain the ways automatic sprinkler systems work
They activate during fires and discharge enough water or extinguishing agent to diminish the fire completely or enough to stall it for firefighters’ arrival
Explain portable fire extinguisher classifications.
Portable fire extinguishers are classified by the type of fire they are designed to effectively extinguished.
Describe the information required to dispatch emergency services.
The type of emergency, the location, number and location of people involved, the name and location of caller, callback number, and landmarks.
Explain fire impact of fire on construction classifications.
Each construction type is defined by the construction materials and their performance when exposed to fire, every building is composed to different building elements
Describe the methods through which fire fighting operations can influence fire behavior
Temperature reduction, fuel removal, oxygen exclusion, chemical flame inhibition, ventilation and fire behavior
Describe fire alarm systems
Provide notification of emergency conditions to building occupants and sometimes local emergency responders
Define the ratings in a portable fire extinguisher rating system.
Class A- Ordinary combustibles. Class B- Flammable Liquids. Class C- Electrical Equipment. Class D- combustible metals. Class K- unsaturated cooking oils.
Explain the information gathered by post incident reports.
Type of call, name and address of occupants, action taken, fire department name and number.
Describe the impact of fire on common building materials.
Some materials like wood and plastic will contribute fuel to a fire in the buildings while other materials like concrete and masonry will prevent or limit the spread of fire all materials react differently when exposed to the heat of a fire.
Explain the science of fire as it relates to energy forms of ignition, and modes of combustion
Reactions that emit energy are exothermic reactions, which fire is a chemical version of; Heating up fuels and sparking causes it to ignite into fire; Flaming and non-flaming are the two modes of combustion into flames
Describe standpipe and hose systems
Meant to provide a means for rapidly deploying fire hose and operating fire streams at remote locations
Explain the considerations taken when selecting and using portable fire extinguishers.
Classification of the burning fuel, rating of the extinguisher, Hazards to be protected, size and intensity of the fire, Atmospheric conditions, Availability of training personnel, Ease of handling extinguisher, Any life hazard or operational
Describe the systems used for internal communications.
Fixed, mobile, or portable.analog or digital. Direct, repeated, or trunked.
List the main types of occupancy classifications.
NFPA 5000, IBC, and the national building code of Canada
Describe the impact of thermal energy on heat, temperature, and heat transfer
Heat is the thermal energy needed for ignition of fuel, temperature is the measure of that heat made by thermal energy, the transfer of heat is also the transfer of thermal energy
Explain the ways smoke management systems work
Focuses all the smoke into one location to reduce how much of the building and occupants are exposed to the smoke and allows for easier evacuation
Identify procedures used for the inspection, care, and maintenance of portable fire extinguishers.
NFPA 10 require that portable fire extinguishers be inspected at least once each year to ensure that they are accessible and operable. Serviceability, Accessibility, Simplicity of operation. Clean after each use or periodically.