Plant Nutrition
This green pigment absorbs sunlight (energy) for photosynthesis.
What is chlorophyll?
Extra: What is the difference between chlorophyll and chloroplast?
The enzyme that breaks down starch in the mouth.
What is amylase?
Extra: Fill in the blank:
Amylase is an ___________ that breaks down ___________ into ____________.
The male gamete in flowering plants.
What is pollen?
Extra: How about female gamete in flowering plant?
Humans have this many pairs of chromosomes.
What is 23?
Extra: Are cells having this many pairs of chromosomes diploid or haploid cells?
The Kingdom of organisms used to produce human insulin via genetic engineering.
What is Prokaryote (bacteria)?
Extra: Name an example of bacterium?
The raw materials required for photosynthesis.
What are carbon dioxide and water?
Extra: How many carbon dioxide and water molecules are released each time a plant photosynthesises?
This organ produces bile and detoxifies blood.
What is the liver?
Extra: What else can liver do?
The structure where fertilization occurs in humans.
What is the oviduct?
Extra: Another name for oviduct?
The process that creates gametes with half the chromosome number.
What is meiosis?
Extra: Fill in the blank:
Meiosis is a type of ______ ________ that divides _________, forming __________ (#) genetically ___________ ___________ daughter cells.
The enzyme used to cut DNA at specific sequences.
What is a restriction enzyme?
Extra: What is the enzyme that joins plasmid with isolated human gene?
The process by which plants lose water vapor through stomata.
What is diffusion?
Extra: What is the definition of transpiration?
A deficiency disease caused by lack of vitamin C.
What is scurvy?
Extra: What are some possible symptoms of scurvy?
The hormone that stimulates the release of an egg during the menstrual cycle.
What is luteinizing hormone (LH)?
Extra: Name one function of oestrogen?
The two steps of protein synthesis?
What are transcription and translation?
Extra: What are the location of transcription and translation?
Name a benefit of genetically modified (GM) crops.
Increased pest resistance, higher yields, or drought tolerance.
Extra: How about the disadvantages of GM crops?
This mineral deficiency causes stunted growth and yellowing of young leaves due to its role in chlorophyll synthesis and protein production.
What is magnesium deficiency?
Extra: What might happen if a plant lacks nitrate?
Explain why the small intestine has villi.
To increase surface area for nutrient absorption.
Extra: What is the difference between absorption and assimilation?
Name two differences between asexual and sexual reproduction.
Asexual: no gametes, genetically identical offspring; Sexual: gametes, genetic variation.
Extra: Name an animal that can reproduce asexually.
Two advantages of asexual reproduction?
Asexual reproductive organisms can reproduce quickly to dominate a habitat; only a parent is needed to reproduce many genetically identical offsprings; and it takes less energy to reproduce asexually.
Extra: How about disadvantages?
Name three products that can be made by using a fermenter.
The three products are insulin, penicillin and mycoprotein.
Extra: Describe the function of penicillin?
Design an experiment to compare the rate of photosynthesis in aquatic plants under different light intensities. Include variables and controls.
Independent variable – at least three different light intensities used; dependent variable – oxygen bubbles produced; control – temperature and CO₂ levels.
Name the process by which digested fats are absorbed into lacteals.
What is absorption into lymphatic vessels (via lacteals)?
Extra: What is the difference between absorption and assimilation?
Explain how the amniotic sac protects the fetus.
It cushions against physical shocks and maintains temperature.
Extra: Name a function of umbilical cord?
Define codominance and give an example of it.
Outline three examples of genetic modification.
The insertion of human genes into bacteria to produce human proteins (e.g., insulin); the insertion of genes into crop plants to 1) confer resistance to herbicides, 2) confer resistance to insect pests, 3) improve nutritional qualities.