4.1 - AEROBIC & ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION
Where does energy come from?
Food in the main form of Carbohydrates, but can also come from Fats and Proteins
What builds up in the muscles during exercise causing fatigue?
Lactic Acid
What immediate effect does exercise have on your heart rate and breathing rate?
Heart Rate and Breathing Rate both INCREASE
The process whereby the muscular walls of the heart get thicker and stronger as a result of training
Cardiac Hypertrophy
The process of converting glucose into energy without oxygen.
Anaerobic/Anaerobic Respiration
What is Digestion?
The process of breaking down food into a liquid in your gut.
Name one type of therapy that can speed up recovery.
Massage Therapy
Hot and Cold Contrast Therapy
What causes fatigue in the muscles?
Lactic Acid
Define Bradycardia.
A lower than normal resting heart rate (fewer than 60 bpm)
What is adrenalin?
A hormone created in the body that causes the heart to beat faster.
A form of glucose stored in the liver and muscles is known as?
Glycogen
1. What is Oxygen Debt?
2. What does EPOC stand for?
3. Explain the connection between these two terms
1. A temporary shortage of the body tissues arising from exercise/the amount of oxygen needed to bring the body back to normal
2. Excess Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption
3. Oxygen Debt is paid back through the process of EPOC
Why might feelings of nausea occur during exercise?
Blood flow is directed away from the digestive system to the working muscles.
1. Define Stroke Volume
2. Describe the difference in stroke volume for an elite athlete and an average person
1. The volume of blood pumped out of the heart in one beat (measured in ml)
2. An elite athlete will have a higher stroke volume (around 90ml) than an average person (around 70 ml)
What does this passage describe - the process of taking in extra oxygen needed by cells in the body to remove lactic acid produced during anaerobic respiration?
Excess Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption
Explain the DURATION and INTENSITY for both Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration.
Aerobic Respiration:
HIGH Duration & LOW Intensity
Anaerobic Respiration
LOW Duration & HIGH Intensity
State and Explain 5 Factors that influence how quickly someone can recover after exercise.
Strength & Fitness
Genetics
Age
Gender
Sleep
Why does the skin become red during exercise?
Warm blood rushes to the surface to be cooled down.
Blood vessels close to the skin become enlarged, increasing blood flow and therefore heat loss through radiation.
Why do elite athletes have lower heart rate?
Their heart can contract more forcefully (Stronger)
Their heart can hold more blood (Larger)
Their stroke volume is higher than an average person so their heart does not need to beat as many times to deliver oxygenated blood.
What is Cardiac Hypertrophy?
The process whereby the muscle walls of the heart get thicker & stronger as a result of training.
The heart is able to pump blood more efficiently & hold more blood.
Write the equations for both Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration.
Aerobic Respiration:
Glucose + Oxygen --> Water + Carbon Dioxide (+Energy)
Anaerobic Respiration:
Glucose --> Lactic Acid (+Energy)
Write the Lactic Acid Equation.
Lactic Acid + Oxygen -->Water + Carbon Dioxide + Glucose
Blood pressure can drop after exercise due to enlarged blood vessels. This can affect oxygen delivery to the brain. This can cause?
Light-Headedness/Dizziness
1. Which type of training will produce lactic acid?
2. True or False - Over time, Lactic Acid tolerance can be improved through consistent training.
1. Interval Training (intensity activity w/ short rest period)
2. TRUE
What position does Mr. French play in rugby?
Wing