The skeleton and muscular system
a hard, whitish, living tissue
What is a bone?
the two branches of the trachea (left and right)
What are bronchi?
consists mainly of water to allow substances to dissolve and be transported easily
What is plasma?
the process of breaking food down in the gut
What is digestion?
to do with morals or principles; ethical behaviour involves high moral standards, being honest and following the correct code of conduct
What are ethics?
bones that provide a large surface area
What are flat bones?
the process in the lungs whereby oxygen is delivered to the bloodstream, while carbon dioxide is removed from it; takes places in the alveoli
What is gaseous exchange?
muscular, elastic tubes that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart under high pressure (small internal lumen)
What are arteries?
a form of glucose stored in liver and muscles, it is a form of energy that muscles can use immideately
What is glycogen?
an independent agency that monitors all sporting activities across the world, providing tests on performers and educating through scientific research
What is WADA?
bones attached to this joint have a greater amount of movement
What are free movable joints?
the muscles between the ribs that raise and lower the ribs
What are the intercostal muscles?
thick muscular wall between the two sides of the heart
What is the septum?
the amount of oxygen needed to bring the body back to normal
What is the oxygen debt?
prevent adrenalin in order to keep HR low, reduce anxiety, calming and relaxing effect
What are beta blockers?
a strong but flexible material found at the end of the bones that act as a cushion to stop bones knocking together
What is cartilage?
the volume of air, in litres, that you breathe per minute
What is minute ventilation?
pumps blood to the lungs and back to the heart (right side)
What is the pulmonary circuit?
the process whereby the muscle walls of the heart get thicker and stronger as a result of training
What is hypertrophy?
increase the amount of water passed out of the body, make you reduce weight quickly, mask other PEDs being used
What are diuretics?
they use oxygen to fire, they take longer to get going, but they can work for longer without getting tired
What are slow twitch fibre?
the volume of air left in your lungs after breathing out
What is residual volume?
the two largest veins in the body
What are the vena cava?
a slower than normal heart rate (typically fewer than 60 beats per minute)
What is bradycardia?
a hormone produced in the kidney that can also be artificially produced; it helps stimulate the production of red blood cells to carry more oxygen with haemoglobin to the muscles
What is EPO?