Magma
The name for magma once it reaches the surface
What is lava?
Igneous rocks that form within the Earth as magma slowly cools
What is intrusive?
Who is N.L. Bowen? [Just "Bowen" is okay]
Igneous rocks form when magma or lava does this
What is cool? [Can also accept "harden" or "crystallize"]
The texture given to intrusive igneous rocks that typically has larger crystals. [Coarse / Fine]
What is coarse?
The most abundant element in magma. This element is also the most abundant element in minerals
What is silicon? [can accept "silica"]
Igneous rocks that form on the surface as lava cools
What is extrusive?
The left hand branch of Bowen's Reaction Series contains this type of mineral
What is iron-rich?
The process in which some of minerals melt at lower temperatures while remaining minerals within the magma remain solid.
What is partial melting?
An igneous rock that has large crystals likely formed in magma that cooled at this speed. [Quickly / Slowly / Complex Cooling]
What is slowly?
The classification of magma with the lowest silica content
What is basaltic?
Dark-colored igneous rocks that are typically low in silica content
What is basaltic? [Can also accept "mafic"]
The right hand branch of Bowen's Reaction series contains this type of mineral
What is feldspars?
The process of Earth's temperature increasing with depth
What is a geothermal gradient?
The texture given to some fine-grained, extrusive igneous rocks in which there are practically no crystals formed due to the extreme speed in which the lava cooled. This is the texture of Obsidian.
What is glassy?
The classification of magma with the highest silica content
What is rhyolitic?
[DAILY DOUBLE] Light-colored igneous rocks that are typically high in silica content
What is granitic? [Can also accept "felsic"]
The right hand branch of Bowen's Reaction series experiences this type of change from one mineral to the next
What is continuous? [Can also accept "gradual" or any variation at my discretion]
The process in which some of the minerals crystallize earlier than others within magma, changing the overall composition of the magma
What is fractional crystallization?
The texture given to igneous rocks that have many small holes in them. Scoria and Pumice are examples of rocks with this texture
What is vesicular?
Name 3 of the 4 factors that can affect the formation of magma
Answers include: temperature, pressure, water content, & mineral content. [No partial points]
Type of igneous rocks that only contain iron-rich minerals
What is ultrabasic? [Can also accept "ultramafic"]
The left hand branch of Bowen's Reaction Series experiences this type of change from one mineral to the next
What is abrupt? [Can also accept "instant" or any variation at my discretion]
What is 30 degrees Celsius? [Just "30" is okay]
[DAILY DOUBLE] The texture given to igneous rocks that have both large and small crystals due to initially cooling slowly, then experiencing rapid cooling.
What is porphyritic?