Igneous Rocks
Igneous rocks are formed by what?
Cooling lava and magma
This means that a volcano will never erupt again
what is extinct?
Name 3 places where earthquakes and volcanoes are common
This boundary is where two plates move apart
What is divergent?
This is the innermost and hottest layer of the earth
What is the inner core?
Type of igneous rocks that form slowly underground from cooling magma
Intrusive
This volcano type is steep, conical and can erupt quite violently. Made of lava flows and ash
What is a stratovolcano?
What is the Ring of Fire?
A string of volcanoes and earthquakes around the Pacific ocean
This boundary is where two plates come together
What is a convergent boundary.
This uppermost layer is also the thinnest
What is the crust?
Igneous rocks formed by quickly cooling lava above the earth's surface
Extrusive rocks
This volcano type is wide and broad and made up of colled lava flow. It looks like something Captain America would hold.
What is a shield volcano?
Latitude- measurements north and south of the equator
Longitude- measurement east and west on prime meridian,
The coordinate system used to map places on earth.
What tends to form at divergent boundaries that are found under the ocean?
Mid-ocean ridges or spreading ridges
The crust and the solid upper mantle form this layer of the earth.
What is the lithosphere?
What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive rocks in terms of crystal size?
Intrusive rocks have time to form larger crystals, while extrusive rocks form smaller crystals
This means that a volcano has recently erupted and will probably erupt again.
What is active?
Where do earthquakes occur and volcanoes form?
At Plate boundaries, where plates come together
Who discovered the theory of plate tectonics?
Alfred Wegener
The semisolid lower mantle is known as what?
What is the Asthenosphere?
If you find a rock with crystals so small you almost can't see them, where was it formed and how fast did it cool? What type of igneous rock would we call that?
It formed outside of the earths surface from cooling lava, we would call it extrusive
These volcanoes are conical and steep but have little explosive activity,
What are cinder cones?
Why do volcanoes and earthquakes occur in the places they occur?
They form at tectonic plate boundaries because that is where plates rub together to cause vibrations and quakes, and where volcanic vents can cause volcanoes
Describe the process by which new crust is formed by convection in the mantle
Colder liquid falls as it becomes denser, heats up near the outer core, then rises, and this movement, rising, falling causes plates to move and collide
List the four layers of the earth (crust, mantle, inner core and outer core) according to increasing density
Mantle, crust, outer core, inner core