IMF / Phase Changes

Intermolecular Forces

100

These forces are found between atoms.

Intramolecular forces.

200

The four different types of intermolecular forces.

London Dispersion

Induced Dipole

Dipole - Dipole

Hydrogen Bonding

300

When there is a separation of charge within a molecule resulting in a slightly negative charge on one side and slightly positive charge on the other side. BONUS: what causes it? 

Dipole

Uneven sharing of electrons

400

Needed for Hydrogen Bonding

Hydrogen with Oxygen, Nitrogen, or Fluorine

500

Do nonpolar molecules stick together better or worse than polar molecules. 

Nonpolar molecules stick together worse, because their electrons are evenly spread out they don't form dipoles.

Which IMF

100

N₂ (nonpolar)

London Dispersion

200

H₂O₂ (polar)

Hydrogen - Bonding

300

HCl (polar) & CH₄ (nonpolar)

Induced Dipole

400

HBr (polar)

Dipole - Dipole

500

HF (polar) 

Hydrogen - bonding 

Phase Change

100

When a gas becomes  a solid.

Deposition

200

When a liquid becomes a gas.

Evaporation

300

When a solid becomes a gas.

Sublimation

400

Which molecule would have a higher boiling point? 

HCl (polar) or HF (polar)

HF - hydrogen bonding forces are stronger than dipole-dipole 

500

List these molecules in order of highest boiling point to lowest boiling point. CH₄ (nonpolar) HBr (polar) H₂ (nonpolar) 

HBr - highest

CH₄ 

H₂ - lowest

Heating Curves

100

At which number would this substance be in a liquid state?

3

200

At which number would this substance be melting / freezing?

2

300

At which number would this substance be a gas?

5

400

What is the temperature of the boiling / condensing point of this substance? 

100 ^oC 

500

As I move from 5 to 1 is the substance gaining energy or losing energy?

Losing

Phase Diagrams

100

Which letter would indicate that the substance in that section of the graph is a solid? 

X

200

At what temperature and pressure would the triple point occur? 

Approx. 0.4 atm and 0 ^oC 

300

What temperature and pressure does the critical point occur at and describe a substance at that point.

Above 1.0 atm and above 150 ^oC 

Substance is indistinguishable from liquid and gas

400

I have a substance at 0.5 atm and -150 ^oC if I lower the pressure to 0.1 atm what phase change will occur?

Solid to Gas

Sublimation 

500

If I have a substance at 1.00 atm and 75 ^oC and I lower the temperature to -75 ^oC what phase change will occur? 

liquid to solid 

Freezing