Innate Immunity
This type of immunity works quickly but is not specific to pathogens.
What is innate immunity?
This process causes swelling to help immune cells reach infected areas.
What is inflammation?
These substances trigger a specific immune response.
What are antigens?
These cells mature in the bone marrow.
What are B cells?
These cells mature in the thymus.
What are T cells?
These are the two main external barriers of innate immunity.
What are skin and mucous membranes?
These cells release chemicals that cause blood vessels to dilate.
What are basophils and mast cells?
Lymphocytes produce certain ___________ that match certain antigens.
What are antibodies?
These B cells actively secrete antibodies.
What are plasma B cells?
These T cells activate other immune cells using cytokines.
What are helper T cells?
This enzyme found in tears destroys bacterial cell walls.
What is lysozyme?
These proteins help lyse pathogens or mark them for phagocytosis.
What are complement proteins?
This type of immunity involves B-cells.
What is humoral immunity?
These B cells provide long-term immunity.
What are memory B cells?
These T cells kill infected body cells by causing apoptosis.
What are cytotoxic T cells?
This type of white blood cells kill bacteria and then die, forming pus.
What are neutrophils?
These signaling proteins warn nearby cells of viral infection.
What are interferons?
This type of immunity involves T-cells attacking infected cells.
What is cell-mediated immunity?
This process causes antigens to clump together.
What is agglutination?
This molecule presents antigen fragments to T cells.
What is MHC-II?
These cells engulf pathogens using cytoplasmic extensions.
What are macrophages?
These cells destroy infected or abnormal cells lacking “self” markers.
What are natural killer cells?
This ability allows the immune system to recognize past infections.
What is immunological memory?
Antibodies can do this by surrounding and blocking pathogens.
What is neutralization?
These cells slow down the immune response after infection is cleared.
What are regulatory T cells?