AIDS/ HIV
Autoimmune Disease
Innate Defenses
Innate vs. Adaptive
Review
100
What does HIV stand for?
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
100
One, main, general sign of disease that many physicians try to control if you have an autoimmune disease is…?
Inflammation
100
What role do phagocytes play?
Phagocytes act as a second line of defense after the epithelial cells. They attempt to ingest the foreign invaders (physical epithelial barriers is the first line)
100
What is the innate system?
The innate system is a nonspecific immune response that does not involve recognition. It uses physical barriers as the first line of defense and the immune system to fight foreign antigens.
100
What is the calf muscle called
Gastrocnemius
200
What does AIDS stand for?
Acquired Immunodeficiency Virus
200
Who is at a higher risk for some autoimmune diseases compared to others?
African-American, Hispanic-American, and Native American women
200
What is a natural killer cell?
A lymphocyte that binds to tumor or virus infected cells and kill them by insertion of perforin.
200
What is the adaptive system?
The adaptive system is an antigen specific immune response that involves the processing, recognition, and attack plan against foreign antigens in the body.
200
What are the three major bones in the arm?
Ulna, Radius, Humerus. But will except carpals.
300
Which immune system does HIV/AIDS effect?
Adaptive Immune System
300
What are 3 common first symptoms of an autoimmune disease?
fatigue, muscle aches, and low fever
300
What is inflammation?
A localized response to infection.
300
Which system is always present and ready to attack?
The innate system.
300
What does ADH do?
Holds water in the system when urine is made or released.
400
Which type of cell does HIV/AIDS effect?
T-Cells
400
What is inflammation commonly treated with?
Corticosteroids
400
What do antimicrobial proteins do and what are the two types?
They enhance our innate defenses by attacking microorganisms directly or by hindering their ability to reproduce. The two types are interferons and compliments.
400
What is the time frame for the Innate Immune system process vs. the Adaptive system?
The Innate systems can last anywhere from 0-12 hours while the Adaptive systems can go as long as 1-5 days.
400
What do the different types of muscle do?
Cardiac- controls heart contractions (striated, Involuntary) Skeletal- Controls movement of body (striated, Voluntary) Smooth-Lines inside of hollow muscles (non-striated, involuntary)
500
How does HIV progress into AIDS and what is the average life span after AIDS is contracted?
HIV is the initial virus that one contracts - it can be controlled with medication and those who suffer can live a fairly normal life. If left untreated, however, HIV can progress into AIDS, a much more life-altering illness. The average person will live 3 additional years.
500
What does autoimmune disease do to the immune system?
It makes your immune system think that healthy cells are foreign cells and attacks them.
500
Explain what fever is and how fever helps protect the body.
Fever is an abnormally high temperature that is a systematic response to invading microorganisms. Fever increases the metabolic rate of tissue cells to speed repair and makes iron and zinc less available for bacterial growth.
500
What is the difference between NK and T-Cells?
NK cells make up the Innate Immune system and T-Cells make up the Adaptive Immune system. NK and T-Cells have similar function, but NK cells have a more generalized function of binding to microbes while T-Cells become highly specialized in their function.
500
One minute heart race!!!!!!
First team done with correct labeling wins points.
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