Proteins
List four proteins that we discussed in lecture that are part of the 2nd line of defense
Interferons, pyrogens, complement, perforins
What are the two types of immunity?
Innate, Adaptive
What are the four general properties of adaptive immunity (in alphabetical order)?
Memory, Specificity, Tolerance, Versatility
What are the four organ systems that secrete mucus as a physical barrier (in alphabetical order)?
Digestive, Reproductive, Respiratory, Urinary
What is the percentage of bacteria in feces
50%
What are the two types of MHC proteins and which cells are they found on
MHC 1 is found on every nucleated cell except the cornea. MHC 2 is found only on nucleated APCs and lymphocytes
What are the two types of active immunity?
Naturally acquired active immunity, Artificially acquired active immunity
What are the four types of hypersensitivity (Type # and association)?
Type 1/Allergic, Type 2/Cytotoxic, Type 3/Immune Complex, Type 4/Delayed
Name at least 2 chemical barriers in the immune system.
Gastric Juice, Lysozyme in tears, Interferon, Complement activation
What is the pH level of gastric/stomach acid?
pH 1
What are the five types of immunoglobulins secreted by B cells (in alphabetical order)?
IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM
What are the two types of passive immunity?
Naturally acquired passive immunity, Artificially acquired passive immunity
What are the most active phagocytes during inflammation
Neutrophils, Monocytes
What are the four signs of inflammation in English (in reverse alphabetical order)?
Swollen, Red, Hurt, Hot
What cells do T helper cells activate
T cells, B cells
What direct attack methods are used by antibodies against pathogens (in alphabetical order)?
Agglutination, Precipitation, Neutralization
What cells do T helper cells activate
T cells, B cells
What do mast cells release during an allergic reaction?
Histamine, Prostaglandins D2, Leukotrienes
What are the four signs of inflammation in Latin (in reverse alphabetical order)
Tumor, Rubor, Dolor, Calor
List at least two causes of autoimmune disorders
Viral infection, Faulty T-cell development, Cross-reaction with similar nonself antigens
What are the five activations of complement proteins (in alphabetical order)?
Agglutination, Chemotaxis, Lysis, Neutralization, Opsonization
What are the three lines of defense in immunity?
Physical/Mechanical Barrier, Chemical Barrier, Adaptive
What direct attack methods are used by antibodies against pathogens (in alphabetical order)?
Agglutination, Precipitation, Neutralization
What are the three effects that occur when local temperature increases during inflammation?
Increased rate of enzymatic reactions, Acceleration of phagocyte activity, Denaturing of foreign proteins
What are the three ways antibodies react to antigens?
Direct attack, Activation of complement, Stimulation of changes to prevent pathogen spread