Immune System
Type of lymphocyte responsible for antibody production (humoral immune response)
What are B cells?
Antibody produced when particular antigen encountered for the 1st time
What is IgM?
Chronic/recurrent severe infections, infections caused by unusual organisms or organisms that are normal body flora, poor response to treatment of infections, and chronic diarrhea
What are cardinal symptoms of immunodeficiency?
Patients with this disorder are at grave risk of infection and should be placed on protective isolation
What is Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome?
Potential medical diagnosis for post-kidney transplant patient with low grade fever, elevated BUN and creatinine, and urine output 20 mL/hr
Acute graft rejection
First line of defense that protects against disease; WBCs have ability to ingest foreign particles
What is the phagocytic immune response?
Antibody (immunoglobulin) mainly on the surface of immature B cells to help them mature
What is IgD?
Two medications given 30 minutes prior to IVIG to help prevent adverse side effects
What are diphenhydramine and acetaminophen?
Patients with this disorder are born without a thymus gland (thymus gland functions through childhood to teach T cells to fight infection without fighting the body's tissues); may need thymus transplantation
What is DiGeorge syndrome?
Deactivate toxins released in infection, tag bacteria for macrophages to identify them, turn on complement system
What are functions of antibodies?
Lymphocytes responsible for the cellular immune response (attack of pathogens)
What are T cells?
Antibody that triggers an immediate allergic reaction
What is IgE?
Potential adverse effect from IVIG administration, with clinical manifestations of hypotension, chills, flank pain, hypothermia
What is anaphylaxis?
Type of disorder which may cause patient to develop severe neutropenia?
What is a phagocytic cell disorder?
Check chart for allergies, ask what type of reaction occurs with allergen, notify the pharmacist, document allergy on the chart, notify healthcare provider
What are nursing actions if client states they are allergic to medication that has been ordered for administration?
Immunity present at birth
What is natural (innate) immunity?
Most abundant antibody; produced when antigen encountered again
What is IgG?
Priority nursing intervention for patient who is immunocompromised who has developed lymphadenopathy since last assessment
What is notify provider?
Disorder which includes high incidence of life-threatening venous thrombosis, usually in abdominal and cerebral veins
What is paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria?
Latex, bananas, iodine, shellfish
What are specific allergies to ask about prior to a cardiac catheterization?
Type of acquired immunity obtained mother-to-fetus in utero, via breastfeeding, or injections of immunoglobulins
What is passive acquired immunity?
Antibodies that defend against infection in body surfaces lined with mucous membranes
What is IgA?
Diet education for patient who has an immunodeficiency disorder
What is to cook all foods thoroughly to avoid food-borne illness?
Defining characteristic of a primary immunodeficiency (to differentiate from secondary immunodeficiency)
What is genetic origin?
Hand hygiene, avoid people who are ill/crowds, and meticulous oral care
What are self-care education points for patients with immunodeficiency disorders?