🔴 VOLTAIRE
Q: Voltaire believed people should be allowed to express their opinions freely. What freedom does this describe?
A: Freedom of speech
Q: What rights did John Locke believe every person is born with?
A: Natural rights
Q: Montesquieu believed government power should be divided. What is this idea called?
A:
Separation of powers
Q: Hobbes believed life without government would be dangerous. What word did he use to describe it?
A: Chaotic
Q: Machiavelli believed rulers should focus on gaining and keeping what?
A: Power
Q: What religious idea did Voltaire strongly support in government?
A: Religious tolerance
Q: What are the three natural rights Locke believed government must protect?
A: Life, liberty, and property
Q: How many branches of government did Montesquieu believe there should be?
A: Three
Q: What type of government did Hobbes believe people needed?
A: A strong central government
Q: What book did Machiavelli write explaining his ideas about leadership?
A: The Prince
Q: Voltaire strongly criticized kings who ruled with unlimited power. What type of government was this?
A: Absolute monarchy
Q: According to Locke, where does a government’s power come from?
A: The consent of the governed (the people)
Q: Why did Montesquieu believe separating powers was necessary?
A: To prevent tyranny and abuse of power
Q: Hobbes believed people agree to give up some freedoms for protection. What is this agreement called?
A: The social contract
Q: Machiavelli believed leaders should be willing to act immorally if necessary. What idea does this reflect?
A: The ends justify the means
Q: Voltaire believed governments should exist mainly to protect what?
A: Individual rights and liberties
Q: What did Locke believe people had the right to do if the government failed its duties?
A: Overthrow or replace the government
Q: Montesquieu believed each branch of government should limit the others. What is this system called?
A: Checks and balances
Q: Why did Hobbes believe rebellion against government was a bad idea?
A: It could lead to violence and disorder
Q: According to Machiavelli, is it better for a ruler to be feared or loved?
A: Feared
Q: How did Voltaire’s ideas influence American government?
A: They influenced protections for freedom of speech and religion in the Bill of Rights
Q: Which major American document clearly reflects Locke’s ideas?
A: The Declaration of Independence
Q: Where can Montesquieu’s ideas be seen in the U.S. government today?
A: In the legislative, executive, and judicial branches
Q: How did Hobbes’ ideas differ from Locke’s ideas?
A: Hobbes supported strong authority, while Locke supported limited government
Q: Why are Machiavelli’s ideas considered controversial?
A: They support the use of deception and force to maintain power