Stress & Coping
Common medical related stressors
What is separation and stranger anxiety, fears of the unknown, changes in routine, pain, lack of control, less privacy, loss of identity, and unpredictability
Infants are in Piaget's stage of development called this.
What is the sensorimotor stage?
Preschoolers often have difficulty separating imagination from reality, known as this.
What is magical thinking?
School-age children are in Erikson's stage of industry versus this.
What is inferiority?
Adolescents are in Erikson's stage of identity versus identity ______
What is confusion?
A temporary loss of previously mastered skills during illness of hospitalization
What is regression?
Toddlers are in Erikson's stage of autonomy versus shame and ______.
What is doubt?
Preschoolers may incorrectly believe hospitalization is this.
What is punishment?
These medical procedures are a common source of fear for school-age children.
What are needles?
Adolescents often feel as if everyone is watching them, a phenomenon called this
What is the imaginary audience?
Fear, anxiety, anger, guilt, and embarrassment are examples of this type of emotional response
What are internalizing emotions?
This type of anxiety is common in both infants and toddlers when caregivers leave.
What is separation anxiety?
Fear that their body may be harmed, cut, or changed.
What is fear of bodily mutilation?
Missing school, sports, and special events may leave school-age children feeling this.
What is out of control or left out of normal experiences?
Hospitalization may increase concerns about this due to treatment-related physical changes.
What is body image?
Children may experience a decreased sense of this when many decisions are made for them.
What is control?
Returning to diapers or refusing to walk are examples of this common reaction.
What is regression?
Healthcare providers should use this type of language when talking to preschoolers.
What is concrete language?
Child Life Specialists encourage these to help children manage difficult experiences.
What are coping skills?
These become especially important to adolescents during illness and hospitalization.
Who are friends or peers?
This factor has the greatest impact on how children adjust to hospitalization and chronic illness.
What is developmental level?
Staff should provide these to toddlers whenever possible, such as choosing a movie or sticker.
What are realistic choices?
This intervention both normalizes the hospital environment and promotes development.
What is play?
This developmental need is reflected in the desire to accomplish tasks and feel successful.
What is industry?
One of the most important interventions with adolescents is promoting this in their healthcare decisions.
What is independence?