The first ruler to claim the title of emperor of China
Who was Prince Zheng?
100
A test given to qualify candidates for government positions
What was Civil Service Exam?
100
Rule by officials of proven merit
What is meritocracy?
100
The leader of the Mongols
Who was Kublai Khan?
100
After the Mongol dynasty, civil service exams were used again to fill government officials by the Ming dynasty.
What happened after the Mongol dynasty?
200
a line of rulers from the same family
What is a dynasty?
200
A ruling class of noble families
What is an Aristocracy?
200
Under the Song dynasty, people from lower classes gained the ability to become government officials.
Who could have the chance of becoming a scholar-official?
200
Under Mongol rule, society was divided into four sections: Mongols, foreigners, Northern Chinese, and Southern Chinese
What were the classes that the Mongols divided society into?
200
Civil service exams lasted for several days and Candidates were locked in small cells during this test.
How where civil service exams taken?
300
The golden age of expansion and prosperity for China
What was the Han Dynasty?
300
Early in the dynasty, Tang emperors chose aristocrats for most high-level jobs.
How did people get into the government early in the dynasty?
300
Confucius taught that people must act properly in five important relationships: ruler and subject, father and son, older sibling and younger sibling, husband and wife, and friend to friend.
What were the relationships in which Confucious taught that people should be in?
300
Kublai Khan did not believe that Confucian learning was need for government jobs and he did not want to rely on Chinese people to run the government.
Why did Kublai Khan end the civil service examinations?
300
The education of the Ming dynasty's scholar-officials emphasized on moral behavior, justice, kindness, loyalty, proper conduct, and importance to family.
What did the education of the scholars emphasize on?
400
Corrupt, or dishonest, relatives and servants of the emperor had seized control of the government.
What ended the Han dynasty?
400
Peasant battles and rebellions between generals ended the Tang dynasty in 907 B.C.E.
How did the Tang dynsaty end?
400
________ blended the teachings of Confucius with elements of Buddhism and Daoism.
What is neo-confucianism?
400
Since there weren't enough Mongols to fill Government positions, Kublai Khan and other Mongol leaders were forced to appoint trusted foreigners for government positions
Why were Mongol leaders forced to give trusted foreigners government positions?
400
The civil service exams did not test science, mathematics or engineering.
How did the Civil Service Exam stand in the way of progress?
500
China broke apart into separate kingdoms
What happened at the end of the Han dynasty?
500
Only the wealthy could afford tutors, books, and time to study
Why did the civil service exams favor aristocrats?
500
Government officials could enjoy special privileges such as being excused from taxes and military service.
What privileges did Government officials have.
500
As time passed, fighting among Mongol leaders, greed and corruption, and rebel attacks caused the Mongol dynasty to end.
How did the rule of the Mongol leaders end?
500
Confucian scholars had little respect for merchants, business, and trade, Confucians had considered merchants to be the lowest class in society.