Africa
The term for a stronger nation extending power over weaker ones through military, political, or economic force.
What is Imperialism?
This system bound workers to landowners through debt, making them unable to leave.
What is Peonage?
This US naval officer arrived in Japan in 1853 with warships, forcing Japan to open trade.
Who is Commodore Matthew Perry?
Indian soldiers who served under the British East India Company.
What are Sepoys?
This canal, completed in 1869, connected the Mediterranean to the Red Sea and became a critical European trade interest.
What is the Suez Canal?
This Belgian king personally colonized the Congo and exploited it brutally for rubber and ivory.
Who is King Leopold II?
This US policy warned European powers not to colonize or interfere in the Americas.
What is the Monroe Doctrine?
This 1854 treaty opened two Japanese ports to US trade and ended Japan's isolationism.
What is the Treaty of Kanagawa?
The immediate trigger of the Sepoy Rebellion involved rifle cartridges greased with this.
What is animal fat (beef and pork)?
This reformist movement sought to modernize and save the Ottoman Empire from collapse.
Who are the Young Turks?
This conference divided Africa among European powers with zero African representation.
What is the Berlin Conference?
Military strongmen who seized political power across Latin American nations.
What are Caudillos?
Large family-owned Japanese business conglomerates that drove industrialization during the Meiji era.
What are Zaibatsu?
This Crown-appointed official governed India on Britain's behalf after the Sepoy Rebellion.
What is a Viceroy?
This Egyptian leader modernized the military, built Western-style schools, and developed a cotton economy.
Who is Muhammad Ali?
This type of rule replaced local governments entirely with foreign officials, eliminating native authority.
What is Direct Rule?
This Mexican liberal reformer carried out "La Reforma," separating church and state and redistributing land.
Who is Benito Juarez?
China was forced to pay this (war reparations) to Britain after losing the Opium War.
What is an Indemnity?
Founded in 1885, this Hindu-led organization pushed for Indian self-rule through political organization.
What is the Indian National Congress?
This Ethiopian emperor defeated Italian colonization at the Battle of Adwa in 1896.
Who is Menelik II?
This conflict was fought between Britain and Dutch-descended settlers in South Africa over land and gold.
What is the Boer War?
This 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine gave the US the right to intervene militarily in Latin America.
What is the Roosevelt Corollary?
This 1904–05 war made Japan the first Asian nation to defeat a European power.
What is the Russo-Japanese War?
This Indian reformer opposed sati and purdah while supporting Western education.
Who is Ram Mohun Roy?
The Ottoman Empire's systematic killing of this ethnic group during WWI resulted in approximately 1.5 million deaths.
What is the Armenian Genocide?