Imperialism
What is another term for Imperialism
Colonialism
What company started as a trading post in India?
The East India Company
Who was sent by King George of Britain to force the Chinese Emperor to open trading ports to the West?
Lord Macartney in 1793
Who was Dr David Livingstone?
A Scottish explorer, in 1841 was the 1st to travel the interior of Africa.
Wrote books about the beauty of Africa.
He wrote about Africans with sympathy and respect (unlike his peers).
What is a Colony?
An area under control of another country- usually far away.
Name the 5 causes of the Spread of Imperialism in the 19th and 20th centuries
Make Profit
Nationalism
Social Darwinism
Spread Christianity
New Innovations (steam ship, medicine for malaria, machine gun)
What raw materials did Britain want from India?
Cotton, Indigo and Tea.
What is Opium? Why was it valuable to the British?
Opium is a highly addictive drug derived from the poppy plant.
Valuable to Britain because it grew in its colony of India, and Chinese were addicted to it.
What area of Africa did King Leopold of Belgium claim as his own territory?
The Congo.
What Continent are India and China in?
Asia (South and East).
What is Nationalism?
Ideal that your country is the greatest, strong pride.
What changed between Britain and India in the 1670s?
King Charles gave the EIC more freedom to run things how they wanted.
The EIC raised their own armies in India.
Name 3-6 things that the Chinese govt did in an attempt to stop Opium use?
1. Outlawed it in 1838
2. Canton was only trading port for foreigners, easier to control what comes into the country.
3. Addicts were forcibly treated.
4. Dealers were harshly punished.
5. Merchants signed pledges of good conduct.
6. Went to war.
What was the Scramble for Africa? Date?
1881- 1914
period of time when European countries competed for control of African land and resources.
*areas were colonized
What does it mean to smuggle?
To sneak in or out when not allowed
What is the core idea of Social Darwinism?
"Survival of the fittest"
3 reasons that the Sepoys rebelled?
1. Rumor of cow/pig fat uses on bullets, against Hindu/Muslim religion.
2. Feeling that British were undermining Traditional Indian Society (Westernization).
3. Indians had little power.
Results of Opium wars?
China lost.
Led to unequal treaties and more nations imperializing China.
What was the Berlin Conference? Date?
1884- 85
A meeting held in Berlin Germany, where European countries decided how Africa would be divided for colonization.
What is Exploitation?
Give an example?
The selfish or unfair use of someone or something for your own advantage.
British sold Opium to Chinese people, knowing its highly addictive.
What was goal of Christian Missionaries?
To save the heathens from hell.
Name 3 effects of the Sepoy Rebellion or Mutiny?
1. India becomes a British colony until 1947.
2. Indians added to Legislature for consult but still have little power.
3. Britain built up communication and transportation networks, to avoid another rebellion.
What was the Boxer Rebellion of 1900-01?
A group of Chinese men who hated foreigners and attempted to get rid of them through violence.
They destroyed businesses, mines, churches, railroads, etc.
They killed businessmen and missionaries, as well as Chinese that were embracing Western culture and religion.
What 2 European powers were fighting over Southern Africa?
What wars were fought between them, dates?
The British and The Dutch.
The Boer Wars of 1880-81 & 1899- 1902.
What are some natural resources that Africa had?
Diamonds, Gold and Rubber.