Imperialism Basics
List the reasons for creating imperialized nations.
1) Wanting to spread Christianity (Religion)
2) To gain strategic areas and military power. (Military)
3) Gold/silver, natural resources, and trading routes. (Wealth)
The name for an Indian soldier under EIC control was...
Sepoy
European countries wanting to “claim” African territory as quickly as possible led to the phenomenon known as...
The "Scramble for Africa"
True or False: It is estimated that more people died in the Taiping Rebellion than World War I.
True! (Estimated 20 million people versus 15 million in WWI)
This war began because the Chinese government sought to stop the sales of opium by European merchants.
The Opium Wars
List the origins of Imperialism.
1) The Industrial Revolution
2) Nationalism
3) The "White Man's Burden"
4) Social Darwinism
This term is used to refer to the period of Indian history during which India was strictly ruled by the British under Queen Victoria.
Raj
At this event, European nations met to settle arguments over African lands. This would lead to Europeans redrawing all of the African borders.
The Berlin Conference (of 1884)
British trade of this substance in China gave the British substantial wealth, but led to a significant increase in addiction among the Chinese population.
Opium
This unsuccessful rebellion began because of a rumor of gun cartridges covered in beef and pork grease.
The Sepoy Mutiny
What is the main concept of Imperialism?
Imperialism involves a strong country dominating a weaker country politically, economically, and culturally, often by expanding territory and gaining colonies.
What contributed to Indian resentment of British control?
The constant racism that the British expressed toward them, They believed that the British were also trying to convert them to Christianity, the increasing economic problems facing Indians under British rule, etc.
What were the only two African countries left alone during the Imperialism of Africa?
Ethiopia and Liberia
The areas in China where European countries took over influence and power were known as...
The Qing Dynasty's instability following the Opium Wars, combined with the leadership of Hong Xiuquan, sparked this rebellion.
The Taiping Rebellion
What was the primary driving force behind imperialism in the 19th century?
The need for economic resources, such as coal and iron, to supply factories in industrialized nations. (The Industrial Revolution)
What were the positives and negatives of British colonialism in India?
While the British established a modern railroad network and economy, they also imposed a stricter social hierarchy, making Indians second-class citizens.
What were the major consequences of the new borders in Africa?
The new borders ignored existing political and social structures, leading to instability and conflict between nations.
This group wanted to rid China of foreigners and push imperialism out of China. However, they lost, allowing Western nations to increase their control over China.
Boxers
This rebellion began with the goals of expelling foreigners and ending imperialist influence in China. They failed, and only increased the power of Western nations in China.
Boxer Rebellion
Describe the differences between Colonialism and Imperialism.
Colonialism is the practice of settling in distant territories (ACTUALLY DOING IT), while imperialism is the theory and attitudes behind a nation’s desire to dominate those territories (WANTING TO DO IT).
How did the East India Company (EIC) come to control much of India?
The instability of the Mughal Empire allowed the EIC to expand its influence, eventually becoming the leading power in India with its own army.
How did many Europeans justify their colonization of Africa in the 19th century?
By viewing themselves as the most advanced civilization and believing it was their mission to "enlighten" and "civilize" others. (aka the "White Man's Burden")
Explain the impact of the East India Company on the Qing Dynasty.
These two groups failed to overthrow British rule in India, as they could not agree on if the Mughal Empire should be restored.
Muslims and Hindus