Motivations for Imperialism & Nationalism
What economic motive drove European nations to colonize Africa?
Access to raw materials.
What event set the rules for division of Africa?
The Berlin Conference.
In which African region did Belgium commit major atrocities?
The Congo.
Why was Ethiopia able to resist European conquest?
Modernized weapons and mountains.
What is the term for one country controlling another territory politically or economically?
Imperialism.
Which ideology claimed Europeans had a duty to “civilize” Africa?
The White Man’s Burden.
Roughly what percent of Africa was colonized by 1914?
90%.
What resource was Belgium forcing Africans to produce?
Rubber.
What rebellion happened in German East Africa because Africans were forced to grow cotton? (Holy Water)
Maji Maji Rebellion.
What is the belief that people with a shared identity should have their own nation or are better than others?
Nationalism.
What political motive fueled competition for overseas colonies?
National rivalries / gaining global power.
Which European leader aggressively pushed for African colonization? (Belgium)
King Leopold II.
What atrocity was common in Leopold’s Congo for failing quotas?
Severing of hands/limbs.
Who was the leader of Ethiopia during the Battle of Adwa?
Menelik II.
What term describes resistance against foreign colonial rule?
Anti-colonialism.
What was the impact of new industrial technology on imperialism?
Gave Europe military/transport advantages to conquer Africa.
What were the issues with new borders in Africa?
It focused on raw materials and not culture or geography.
Name one atrocity committed by Germany in Namibia.
The Herero & Nama genocide / extermination orders.
What woman led a rebellion against British rule in the Ashanti Empire?
Yaa Asantewaa.
What term describes the system used by Europeans to produce crops or resources?
Forced Labor/Slavery.
What belief justified imperialism as part of racial hierarchy?
Social Darwinism.
This man created the Berlin Conference to seize Africa and peacefully between European Nations.
Otto Van Bismark.
France attempted to erase African cultures by forcing people to adopt French language and identity through this policy.
Assimilation.
What African leader fought the French for many years in West Africa? (17 years -> Guerrilla Warfare)
Samori Touré
What long-term issue in Africa today was caused by European colonial borders?
Ethnic conflict / unstable borders.