Vocab
a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force.
What is imperialism?
"It happened that an improved rifle had lately been invented for the use of the soldiers, and that the cartridges used in this rifle needed to be greased so they could be rammed down easily into the barrel. The men believed that the grease was made of the fat of cows, though this was not really the case..."
What was the cause of Indian soldiers' anger at the British colonizers, according to this text?
What is suspicion/rumors?
the rapid invasion, colonization, and partitioning of the African continent by European powers between the 1880s and 1900s
What is the "Scramble for Africa?"
Name of the waterway along the coast of Egypt allowing trade ships a shortcut between Europe and Asia
What is the Suez Canal?
a violent anti-foreign and anti-Christian uprising in China from 1899 to 1901,
What is Boxer Rebellion?
the belief that different races are inferior or superior to one another.
What is racism?
In this excerpt, President William McKinley explains why the United States took over the Philippines.
"We could not leave them to themselves. They were unfit for self-government. There was nothing left for us to do but to take them over. Then we would be able to educate the Filipinos. We could uplift and civilize and Christianize them. . . ."
How did President McKinley justify the U.S. takeover of the Philippines?
What is "they can't rule themselves/don't know how to rule themselves"?
Name of one of the two African countries that remained independent during European colonization of Africa
What are:
Ethiopia
OR
Liberia
Name of the Indian civil rights leader who helped India become free of British rule.
Who is Gandhi?
Name of the drug sold by the British to the Chinese
What is opium?
the process where cultural traits, ideas, and practices spread from one group or society to another
What is cultural diffusion?
"The makers of cotton and iron goods have been very much interested in imperialism. This group of import interests has been greatly strengthened by the demand of giant industries for colonial raw materials. . . . Shipowners demand coaling stations for their vessels and naval bases for protection. To these interests may be added the makers of armaments and of uniforms. The producers of telegraph and railway material and other supplies used by the government in its colony may also be included. . . . Finally, the most powerful business groups are the bankers. Banks make loans to colonies and backward countries for building railways and steamship lines. . . ."
Name one group that was seeking colonies, according to this author?
What are:
1. the producers of cotton and iron, who needed markets
2. the importers, who could provide raw materials to the industries
3. the shipowners who needed fueling stations
4. the weapons-makers and others who supplied the government
5. the bankers, who made loans to colonies for building railroads and steamship lines that serviced the colonies.
Name for the Belgian King who ruled the Congo brutally for rubber
Who is Leopold II?
English chartered company founded in 1600 that evolved from a trading body into a powerful political and military force that controlled large parts of the Indian subcontinent until 1858
What is the East India Company?
a formal agreement between countries
What is a treaty?
a country or area under the full or partial political control of another country, typically a distant one, and occupied by settlers from that country.
What is a colony?
Interested parties were quick to point out that the great aim of the English was to turn us all into Christians and they had therefore introduced the cartridge in order to bring this about, since both Muslims and Hindus would be defiled by using it. . . .
Whose point of view is this quote from?
What is Indian?
Name for a group of Africans who successfully fought off British imperialism in South Africa
Who are the Zulus?
an Indian soldier serving under British or other European orders.
What is sepoy?
Items that were in high demand among Europeans from China
What are luxury goods/tea/silk/porcelain?
the process of establishing control over a foreign territory or people, often by establishing settlements and exploiting resources
What is colonization?
"Englishmen . . . have given the people of India the greatest human blessing—peace. They have introduced Western education. This has brought an ancient and civilized nation in touch with modern thought, modern sciences, and modern life. They have built an administration that is strong and efficient. They have framed wise laws and have established courts of justice."
What benefits has India gained during British imperialism, according to the author?
What are:
1. Western education and modern sciences, thought, and life.
2. The British also built a strong, efficient government and provided wise laws as well as a judicial system.
The belief that white people had a duty or mission to "civilize" the people of their colonies
What is the "White Man's Burden"?
identification with one's own nation and support for its interests
What is nationalism?
a Chinese secret society that led the Boxer Rebellion against foreign imperialism and Christianity from 1899 to 1901
What is the "Righteous and Harmonious Fists"?