Africa
Imperialism
Muslim States
India
Southeast Asia
100
What caused low food supplies in Africa during colonization?
The Europeans forced the people to abandon food production and begin growing cash crops.
100
Define the terms paternalism and assimilation.
Paternalism: Europeans provide for local people, but grant them no rights Assimilation: adaptation of local people to ruling culture
100
Define the term geopolitics and give an example of its relevance.
Geopolitics: taking land for its strategic location or products Ex: land in the middle east for mediterranean sea or oil
100
Why was India called the "jewel of the crown"?
It was Britain's most valuable colony
100
Why do European powers target the Pacific Rim for imperialism?
Location: perfect for trading ports Land perfect for planation agriculture
200
Why do Europeans start to imperialize Africa? Explain at least two motivations.
Steam Engine, weaponry, vaccines (quinine for malaria), racism, social darwinism
200
Describe the two forms of imperial control. Give an example for each.
Direct Control: foreign officials brought in to rule, no self-rule, assimilation, government based on European style Ex: Somaliland, East Africa, Vietnam Indirect Control: local officials used, limited self-rule, goal to develop future leaders, may have some local rules Ex: British colonies, US colonies
200
Explain the causes and effects of the Crimean War.
Russia attacks Ottomans to gain warm water port, Russia loses, but exposes decline of the Ottoman Empire because the Ottomans cannot hold on to all of their land
200
How do the British initially take control of India and what form of control does it take?
When the Mughal Empire fell in 1700, the British East India Trading Company took over economic control of the country. They employed indirect control at the beginnnig.
200
How does colonialism impact the Pacific Rim? Provide three examples.
1. Modernization helped European businesses 2. Education, health, sanitation, improve 3. Millions migrate to Southeat Asia to work in mines & plantations 4. Colonialism leads to racial and religious clashes
300
Explain the Boer War. What were the causes and effects?
The Boer War was fought between the Dutch settlers in South Africa and the British settlers in South Africa over land. The Boers (Dutch) lost. They had to join the British Union of South Africa and move north to escape the British.
300
Explain three negative effects of imperialism around the world.
1. Natives lose land 2. Natives lose lives 3. Natives lose independence 4. Traditional cultures break down 5. Boundaries and divisions create problems that exist to this day
300
Explain the decline of the Ottoman Empire.
Suleyman I dies, lose central ruling government. Series of unsuccessful reforms leads to a weak government. Greece, Serbia, and Egypt gain independence. European powers move in.
300
Who is Ram Mohun Roy and what is he known for?
Ram Mohun Roy: led a modernization movement in India. Called to adopt western ways and called for social reforms. Indians resented being second class-citizens in their own country.
300
How does Siam maintain its independence? Provide examples.
King Mongkut modernizes the country by starting schools, reforming the legal system, reorganizes the government, building transportation and telegraph systems, and ends slavery.
400
What two countries remained free from colonial rule? How did they manage to remain free?
Liberia and Ehtiopia / Menelik II of Ethiopia played European powers against one another and modernized his army
400
Explain three positive effects of imperialism.
1. Colonialism reduces local fighting 2. Sanitation improves; hospitals and schools created 3. Technology brings economic growth
400
Explain the building of the Suez Canal and who controls the canal.
Egypt builds man made waterway to connect the Red Sea to the Mediterranean. The debt is too much for the Egyptian government to handle, so Britain finances the project. Britain then controls the canal and occupies Egypt.
400
Explain the Sepoy Mutiny. What are the causes and effects?
Sepoys refuse to use certain weapons based on religious reasons. When the British refuse to respect this, many sepoys rebel. Ultimately, they fail, resulting in tighter British control.
400
How does the United States gain control of the Philippines?
US gains the Philippines after the Spanish-American War. Emilio Aguinaldo leads Filipino nationalists against US rule. The US defeats the nationalist revolts in 1902. US promises to prepare the Filipinos for self-rule, but do not actually give up the Philippines independence until 1945.
500
Explain the causes and effects of the Berlin Conference.
Berlin Conference: met it 1884-1885 to discuss terms for dividing Africa between the European countries / They determined that in order to rule Africa, you had to prove control over a region / They divided the continent without consulting African leaders
500
There are four forms of imperialism. Explain in detail three of those forms. Provide an example for each.
1. Colony: coutry governed internally by a foreign power. Ex: Somaliland in East Africa 2. Protectorate: country with its own internal government but under the control of an outside power Ex: Niger River Delta 3. Sphere of Influence: area in which an outside power claims exclusive investment or trading privileges Ex: Liberia 4. Economic Imperialism: country controlled by private businesses rather than other governments Ex: Hawaii
500
Explain the Great Game.
War waged between Russia and Britain over India. They fought in Afghanistan until the British withdrew in 1881. Britain controlled India, but no Afghanistan
500
What is the turning point of British control of India? How is it different from previous British rule?
The failed Sepoy Mutiny is the turning point because the British take direct control of India. This is different because they move from indirect to direct control.
500
Why and how does the United States take control of Hawaii?
US establishes sugar cane plantations. Business leaders want to annex the territory for economic purposes. Queen Liliuokalani tried to restore Hawaiin control, but the US business leaders had her removed from power so they could annex Hawaii in 1898.
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