River Valleys
Name one river valley where ancient civilizations began.
Indus Valley, Nile Valley, or Mesopotamia.
When did the Indus Valley Civilisation exist?
2600 to 1900 BC.
Name a crop grown in the Indus Valley.
Wheat, barley, cotton, or mustard.
What system did the Indus people use instead of currency?
Barter
What river was essential to Egyptian life?
The Nile.
Why were river valleys good for farming?
They had fertile soil, abundant water, and favorable climates.
Who discovered the ruins of Harappa?
British engineers in the 1850s.
What animal was essential for labor and dairy?
Cattle
Name one item exported by the Indus Valley.
Grain, cotton, or carnelian beads.
Who unified Lower and Upper Egypt?
A king from Upper Egypt.
What natural phenomenon enriched the soil in river valleys?
Seasonal flooding.
Name one religious artifact found in the Indus Valley.
Seals depicting deities or terracotta figurines.
What material were Indus Valley seals made of?
Stone or clay.
How were goods transported on the River Indus?
By flat-bottomed boats.
How many pyramids were built in Ancient Egypt?
Over 80 pyramids.
What was a key challenge of river valley life?
Dependency on flooding and the risk of bad harvests leading to starvation.
What do the Citadel and Lower Town suggest about Indus society?
Governance and urban planning.
Why is the Indus script important?
It may be one of the earliest writing systems, but it remains undeciphered.
What was used for weighing trade goods?
Standardized cubical weights.
What is mummification?
The process of preserving bodies for the afterlife.
Name three major river valley civilizations.
Indus Valley, Sumerian, and Egyptian Civilisations.
How many sites of the Indus Civilisation have been found?
Over 1,400 sites.
Name two items made by Indus craftsmen.
Jewelry, pottery, or metal tools.
Which regions were connected to the Indus Valley by trade routes?
Oman and Mesopotamia.
What was papyrus used for?
Writing